If you need to make a solution of 1.0L at 2.5M citric acid and you only have 45mL of 5.0M citric acid, do you have enough for your experiment?
If a mathematical procedure is involved, please explain to me; I really want to grasp this chemistry concept.
you want to dilute it 5/2.5=2 times, which means one part stock, one part water.
what is one part? 1liter/2parts=500ml
so you don't have enough acid to make one part, therefore, you cannot make one liter of diluted acid.
To determine if you have enough citric acid for your experiment, we need to compare the amount of citric acid required in the final solution with the amount you have available. Let's break down the steps involved in this calculation:
1. Determine the number of moles of citric acid required:
- We know that the concentration of the desired solution is 2.5 mol/L, and the volume needed is 1.0 L. Therefore, the total number of moles required can be calculated as:
Moles = Concentration (mol/L) x Volume (L)
Moles = 2.5 mol/L x 1.0 L
Moles = 2.5 mol
2. Determine the number of moles of citric acid available:
- The concentration of the citric acid available is 5.0 mol/L, and the volume is 45 mL (which needs to be converted to liters). We can calculate the number of moles available as:
Moles = Concentration (mol/L) x Volume (L)
Moles = 5.0 mol/L x 0.045 L
Moles = 0.225 mol
3. Compare the moles required with the moles available:
- If the number of moles available is greater than or equal to the number of moles required, then you have enough citric acid for your experiment.
- In this case, 0.225 mol is less than 2.5 mol, meaning you do not have enough citric acid for your experiment.
Therefore, based on the calculations, you do not have enough citric acid (45 mL of 5.0M) to make a 1.0L solution at 2.5M.