please say if molecule is polar or nonpolar:
H2
HBr
BrCl
CS2
H2S
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To determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar, we need to consider the molecular geometry and the polarity of the individual bonds within the molecule.
Let's analyze each molecule:
1. H2:
H2 is a diatomic molecule consisting of two hydrogen atoms. Since hydrogen is the same element, the electronegativity values are equal. As a result, the electron distribution is symmetrical, and H2 is a nonpolar molecule.
2. HBr:
HBr is a molecule consisting of a hydrogen atom bonded to a bromine atom. Bromine is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning it attracts electrons more strongly. This creates a polar covalent bond, where the electron density is shifted towards bromine. Therefore, HBr is a polar molecule.
3. BrCl:
Similarly, BrCl consists of a bromine atom bonded to a chlorine atom. Since the electronegativity difference between bromine and chlorine is not significant, BrCl has a relatively low polarity. It is considered a slightly polar molecule.
4. CS2:
CS2 is a molecule that contains a central carbon atom bonded to two sulfur atoms. Each carbon-sulfur bond is nonpolar because the electronegativity values of carbon and sulfur are similar. Additionally, the molecular geometry of CS2 is linear, resulting in a symmetrical distribution of charges. Therefore, CS2 is a nonpolar molecule.
5. H2S:
H2S is a molecule with a central sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Sulfur is more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to polar covalent bonds. Moreover, the molecular geometry of H2S is bent or V-shaped. Due to the asymmetrical distribution of charges, H2S is a polar molecule.
In summary:
- H2 is nonpolar.
- HBr is polar.
- BrCl is slightly polar.
- CS2 is nonpolar.
- H2S is polar.