what is the heat required to convert 0.1 kg of melting ice into steam at 100 degree celcius
To calculate the heat required to convert ice into steam, we need to consider the different phases and the energy required for each phase change.
First, we need to determine the energy required to raise the temperature of the ice from its initial temperature to its melting point. This can be calculated using the specific heat capacity of ice.
1. Calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of the ice:
q1 = (mass) × (specific heat capacity of ice) × (change in temperature)
The specific heat capacity of ice is approximately 2090 J/kg°C.
q1 = (0.1 kg) × (2090 J/kg°C) × (0 °C - (-10 °C)) = 2090 J
Next, we need to determine the energy required to convert the ice at 0°C to water at 0°C.
2. Calculate the heat required for the phase change from solid (ice) to liquid (water):
q2 = (mass) × (latent heat of fusion)
The latent heat of fusion for ice is approximately 334,000 J/kg.
q2 = (0.1 kg) × (334,000 J/kg) = 33,400 J
Now, we need to determine the energy required to raise the temperature of the water from 0°C to 100°C.
3. Calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of the water:
q3 = (mass) × (specific heat capacity of water) × (change in temperature)
The specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4186 J/kg°C.
q3 = (0.1 kg) × (4186 J/kg°C) × (100 °C - 0 °C) = 41,860 J
Lastly, we need to determine the energy required for the phase change from liquid water to steam at 100°C.
4. Calculate the heat required for the phase change from liquid (water) to gaseous (steam):
q4 = (mass) × (latent heat of vaporization)
The latent heat of vaporization for water is approximately 2,260,000 J/kg.
q4 = (0.1 kg) × (2,260,000 J/kg) = 226,000 J
To find the total heat required, we sum up the results from all four steps:
Total heat required = q1 + q2 + q3 + q4
Total heat required = 2090 J + 33,400 J + 41,860 J + 226,000 J
Total heat required ≈ 301,350 J
Therefore, approximately 301,350 joules of heat are required to convert 0.1 kg of melting ice into steam at 100°C.