During the bitter struggle over reconstruction policy, Congress overrode Johnson;s veto of the

a. bill extending the life of the Freeman's Bureau.
b. bill intended to nullify the soth's black codes.
c. Radical Reconstruction Act.
d. Civil Rights Act.

http://millercenter.org/president/johnson/key-events Civil Rights Act

To determine the correct answer to this question, we need to analyze the options and understand the context of the Reconstruction period in American history.

The Reconstruction era took place in the United States immediately after the Civil War, from 1865 to 1877. During this time, the country faced the challenges of reintegrating the former Confederate states into the Union and addressing the civil rights of newly freed slaves.

Now, let's evaluate each option:

a. The Freedmen's Bureau was a federal agency established to assist former slaves and poor whites in the South. It provided food, shelter, medical care, and education. It played a crucial role during Reconstruction. However, regarding the question, overriding President Johnson's veto of this bill is not relevant, as the question asks about a specific event during the struggle over Reconstruction policy.

b. The black codes were laws enacted by Southern states after the Civil War to restrict the civil rights and liberties of African Americans. If Congress overrode Johnson's veto of a bill intended to nullify these black codes, it would align with the efforts to protect the civil rights of African Americans during Reconstruction. This seems like a plausible answer.

c. The Radical Reconstruction Act was passed by Congress in 1867 and divided the South into military districts, imposed new requirements for readmission to the Union, and guaranteed voting rights for African American men. However, since the question mentions overriding Johnson's veto, this option is less likely since Johnson was opposed to Radical Reconstruction.

d. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the first federal law to define citizenship and guarantee equal rights to all citizens regardless of race. Although it preceded the intense struggle over Reconstruction policy, it is a possibility as Congress might have overridden Johnson's veto to assert the rights of newly freed slaves.

After considering each option, the most likely answer is b. The bill intended to nullify the South's black codes. Overriding Johnson's veto of this bill would indicate a significant congressional effort to challenge the discriminatory laws enacted by Southern states and protect the civil rights of African Americans during Reconstruction.