Draw Bohr diagrams of a magnesium atom bonding with fluorine atoms. Draw atoms then electron transfer and finally the ions that form. What type of bonding occurs?

Draw Bohr diagrams of 2 hyrdogen atoms bonding with an oxygen atom by sharing electrons to form a water molecule. What type of bonding occurs?

I don't know how to draw either of these so please help!!!

Never mind I figured out the answer so please delete this question of mine thanks:)

Sure, I can help you with that! Let's start by drawing the Bohr diagrams for each atom involved in the bonding.

1. Magnesium (Mg) Atom:
A Bohr diagram for a neutral magnesium atom will have 12 protons in the nucleus and two electrons in the first energy level (closest to the nucleus) and eight electrons in the second energy level. The electron configuration of magnesium is 2, 8, 2.

2. Fluorine (F) Atom:
A Bohr diagram for a neutral fluorine atom will have 9 protons in the nucleus and two electrons in the first energy level and seven electrons in the second energy level. The electron configuration of fluorine is 2, 7.

Now, let's look at the bonding process:

Magnesium (Mg) atom has two valence electrons in its outermost energy level, while fluorine (F) atom has seven valence electrons in its outermost energy level.

Since magnesium wants to lose its two valence electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration of 2, 8 (similar to a noble gas configuration), and fluorine wants to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration of 2, 8, we have a transfer of electrons between the atoms.

The magnesium atom loses two electrons to the fluorine atoms. Therefore, it becomes a positively charged ion because it now has more protons than electrons. The resulting ion is called a magnesium cation (Mg2+).

The two fluorine atoms each gain one electron from the magnesium atom. Each fluorine atom becomes a negatively charged ion because it now has more electrons than protons. The resulting ions are called fluorine anions (F-).

Now, let's discuss the type of bonding that occurs:

In the case of magnesium bonding with fluorine, the type of bonding that occurs is ionic bonding. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms that have a large difference in electronegativity (ability to attract electrons). In this case, magnesium has a lower electronegativity than fluorine, resulting in the transfer of electrons.

Now, let's move on to the second part of your question:

3. Hydrogen (H) Atom:
A Bohr diagram for a neutral hydrogen atom will have 1 proton in its nucleus and one electron in the first energy level. The electron configuration of hydrogen is 1.

4. Oxygen (O) Atom:
A Bohr diagram for a neutral oxygen atom will have 8 protons in its nucleus and two electrons in the first energy level and six electrons in the second energy level. The electron configuration of oxygen is 2, 6.

Now let's look at the bonding process:

Both hydrogen atoms need one more electron to achieve a stable electron configuration of 2. Oxygen has six valence electrons, and it requires two more electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration of 2, 8.

In this case, instead of transferring electrons like we saw in ionic bonding, hydrogen and oxygen atoms share their electrons to form covalent bonds. Each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the oxygen atom, and the oxygen atom shares two electrons, forming a total of two covalent bonds.

As a result of the electron sharing, a water molecule (H2O) is formed, with the oxygen atom in the center and the hydrogen atoms attached to it.

So, the type of bonding that occurs between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms is covalent bonding. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms that have similar electronegativities.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.