Which of the following best summarizes the function of the respiratory system?

A. to transport oxygen to cells and wastes away from cells.
B. to protect the organs in the chest cavity
C. to move oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide from the body into the air
D. to provide a barrier between the body and the environment

C (I'm thinking about A)

Which of the following is not true about the structure of an alveolus?

A. it has thick walls to trap gases that enter during breathing.
B. it has high surface area to allow lots of gas exchange.
C. it has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide.

A

1 d

2 c
3 a
4 b
5 a

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Actually, the correct answer to the first question is C. The function of the respiratory system is to move oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide from the body into the air.

For the second question, the correct answer is A. An alveolus does not have thick walls to trap gases. Instead, it has very thin walls to facilitate the exchange of gases between the respiratory system and the bloodstream.

To determine the best answer for the function of the respiratory system (first question), let's analyze each option:

A. to transport oxygen to cells and wastes away from cells.
B. to protect the organs in the chest cavity
C. to move oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide from the body into the air
D. to provide a barrier between the body and the environment

To find the correct answer, it's necessary to understand the purpose of the respiratory system. The main function of the respiratory system is to facilitate gas exchange. It enables oxygen from the air to enter the body and reach the cells, while also removing carbon dioxide, which is waste produced by cells, from the body into the air.

Option A mentions transporting oxygen to cells and removing waste away from cells, which aligns with the respiratory system's role in facilitating gas exchange by moving gases between the lungs and bloodstream. This makes option A a good choice.

Option B, protecting the organs in the chest cavity, is incorrect because although the respiratory system is located in the chest cavity, its primary function is not to protect other organs. Therefore, option B can be eliminated.

Option C correctly summarizes the function of the respiratory system by mentioning the movement of oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. This aligns with the purpose of gas exchange, making option C a good choice.

Option D, providing a barrier between the body and the environment, does not fully encompass the respiratory system's primary role in facilitating gas exchange. While the respiratory system does act as a barrier, this is not its main function. Option D can be eliminated.

Comparing options A, C, and D, we can see that option C, "to move oxygen from the air into the body and carbon dioxide from the body into the air," provides the most complete and accurate summary of the respiratory system's function. Therefore, option C is the best answer.

For the second question regarding the structure of an alveolus:

A. it has thick walls to trap gases that enter during breathing.
B. it has high surface area to allow lots of gas exchange.
C. it has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide.

To determine the incorrect statement, we need to evaluate each option:

Option A states that the alveolus has thick walls to trap gases that enter during breathing. This is not true because alveoli have thin walls, which allows for efficient gas exchange between the air and the bloodstream. Therefore, option A is the incorrect statement.

Option B states that the alveolus has a high surface area to enable a significant amount of gas exchange. This is true, as the alveoli have a large number of tiny air sacs, providing a vast surface area for gas exchange.

Option C states that the alveolus has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide, which is accurate during normal gas exchange. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the bloodstream, leading to a decreased oxygen concentration, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the bloodstream into the alveoli, increasing the carbon dioxide concentration.

Based on this evaluation, the incorrect statement is option A, which suggests that alveoli have thick walls to trap gases during breathing.