How is ionising radiation affects the cell, DNA and can lead to tumours/leukaemia?
nothing to complicated or technical like Wikipedia or anything that seems like that please.
I just a few point for which I can then compile in a decent paragraph
thanks in advanced!! :)
Ionizing radiation refers to high-energy radiation that has the ability to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms and molecules, creating ions. When ionizing radiation interacts with cells, it can have several effects that contribute to the development of tumours or leukemia. Here are a few key points to consider:
1. DNA Damage: Ionizing radiation can cause direct damage to the DNA within cells. It can break the chemical bonds within the DNA molecule, resulting in genetic mutations. These mutations can disrupt normal cellular processes and potentially lead to the development of cancerous cells.
2. Cell Death: Ionizing radiation can also cause cell death by damaging various components of the cell. For example, it can affect the cell membrane, mitochondria, and other critical organelles, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. In some cases, this cell death can contribute to the formation of tumors.
3. Cell Replication Errors: When ionizing radiation damages DNA within cells, it can interfere with the replication and division of those cells. The mutations caused by the radiation may disrupt the normal cell cycle and lead to uncontrolled cell growth. This unregulated growth can ultimately result in the formation of tumors or leukemia.
4. Carcinogenesis: Ionizing radiation has been identified as a known carcinogen, meaning it has the potential to cause cancer. Prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation increases the risk of developing malignant tumors or leukemia over time.
5. Accumulative Effects: The effects of ionizing radiation on cells and DNA are cumulative, meaning that repeated exposures over time can have a significant impact on the body. Continuous exposure to ionizing radiation increases the potential for DNA damage and the subsequent development of tumors or leukemia.
It is important to note that the severity of the effects depends on factors such as the dose, duration of exposure, and individual susceptibility. Additionally, these effects may not be immediate and can manifest years or even decades after radiation exposure.