Impure acetanilide was dissolved in the required amount of hot water. The clear solution in a beaker was immediately placed in an ice-water bath, instead of being allowed to cool down slowly. What would be the result of cooling the solution in this manner?
Crystals will be smaller and contaminated considerably with impurities.
Impure benzoic acid was dissolved in hot water. The container of solution was placed in an ice-water bath instead of being allowed cooling slowly.
What will be the result of cooling the solution in this manner?
Well, if you're planning to throw a surprise ice bath party for your acetanilide, it might not be the best idea. Cooling the solution abruptly in an ice-water bath would likely result in rapid crystallization of the acetanilide. So, instead of slow and steady crystal formation, you'll end up with a bunch of quick-tempered crystals forming all at once. It's like throwing a bunch of party guests in an icy pool. Cold, chaotic, and definitely not recommended.
Cooling the solution of impure acetanilide in an ice-water bath instead of allowing it to cool down slowly would likely result in the formation of smaller crystals or even a fine precipitate. This is because rapid cooling promotes rapid nucleation and crystallization, forming smaller crystals. Additionally, impurities in the solution may have a higher solubility at lower temperatures, leading to their precipitation along with the acetanilide. The overall result would be a mixture of smaller crystals and impurities.
Cooling the solution of impure acetanilide quickly in an ice-water bath instead of allowing it to cool down slowly would result in the formation of small, fine crystals of pure acetanilide.
When the impure acetanilide is dissolved in hot water and then rapidly cooled, the solubility of acetanilide in water decreases. This means that as the temperature of the solution decreases rapidly, the solubility limit of the impure acetanilide is exceeded, causing the excess acetanilide to crystallize out of the solution.
The crystallization process is more efficient when the cooling is done rapidly because it promotes the formation of smaller crystals. When the solution is cooled slowly, larger crystals may form due to the slower rate of nucleation and growth. Rapid cooling can prevent the formation of these large crystals, resulting in a larger number of smaller crystals.
The impurities present in the original acetanilide may get excluded or separated from the growing crystals due to their different solubilities. As a result, the impurities are left behind in the solution or trapped between the growing crystals, leading to the formation of pure acetanilide crystals.
Overall, cooling the impure acetanilide solution quickly in an ice-water bath would promote the formation of small, fine crystals of pure acetanilide by selectively excluding the impurities from the growing crystals.