Calculate the correct boiling point for nitrobenzene. Assume that a total immersion thermometer was used. The obs. boiling point was 205 degree celsius. The reflux ring in the test tube just reached up to the 0 degree celsius mark on the thermometer. A second thermometer suspended along side the test tube at a slightly higher level than the one inside gave a reading of 35 degree celsius.
A lot of reading but very well explained and the calculation is at the bottom of the page.
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To calculate the correct boiling point for nitrobenzene, we need to take into account the measurements from the total immersion thermometer, the reflux ring, and the second thermometer.
1. The observed boiling point of nitrobenzene is 205 degrees Celsius.
2. The total immersion thermometer measures the temperature inside the test tube. Since the reflux ring just reached the 0 degrees Celsius mark on the thermometer (assuming it is in degrees Celsius), we can conclude that the thermometer is showing the boiling point of a reference substance (such as water).
3. The second thermometer, suspended alongside the test tube at a slightly higher level, reads 35 degrees Celsius.
To calculate the correct boiling point of nitrobenzene, we need to correct for the difference in the boiling points of the reference substance and nitrobenzene. We can use the difference in temperatures measured by the two thermometers.
The difference between the boiling point of the reference substance and nitrobenzene is 35 - 0 = 35 degrees Celsius.
Therefore, the correct boiling point of nitrobenzene is 205 + 35 = 240 degrees Celsius.
To calculate the correct boiling point for nitrobenzene, we need to take into account the observations made using the total immersion thermometer and the second thermometer.
Let's break down the information given:
1. The observed boiling point for nitrobenzene using the total immersion thermometer is 205 degrees Celsius.
2. The reflux ring (the point at which the liquid is vaporizing and condensing) in the test tube reaches up to the 0 degrees Celsius mark on the total immersion thermometer.
3. A second thermometer, suspended alongside the test tube at a slightly higher level, gives a reading of 35 degrees Celsius.
To determine the correct boiling point, we need to use the principle that the boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure. In this case, we can assume that the atmospheric pressure is constant.
Since the reflux ring reaches the 0 degrees Celsius mark on the total immersion thermometer, we know that the vapor within the system is at its boiling point under the given conditions.
Now, let's discuss the second thermometer reading of 35 degrees Celsius. Since this thermometer is suspended alongside the test tube at a slightly higher level, it is indicating the temperature of the surrounding air rather than the vapor within the system. This reading is relatively close to room temperature, which further supports the fact that the total immersion thermometer is measuring the boiling point accurately.
Based on the given information, we can conclude that the correct boiling point for nitrobenzene is approximately 205 degrees Celsius.