Complete the following table by replacing question marks with the correct numbers: (Note: Each horizontal row is a separate example, so in row #1, 175.32 grams of NaCl is how many moles of NaCl and how many molecules of NaCl does it contain?)Grams of NaCl Moles of NaCl Number of molecules of NaCl
175.32 ? ?
? 0.333 ?
? ? 6.02 x 1023
none
To complete the table, we need to use conversion factors to calculate the missing values.
First, let's start with the conversion between grams and moles. To do this, we need to know the molar mass of NaCl, which is the sum of the atomic masses of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl). According to the periodic table, the atomic masses are approximately 22.99 g/mol for sodium and 35.45 g/mol for chlorine. So the molar mass of NaCl is:
Na (22.99 g/mol) + Cl (35.45 g/mol) = 58.44 g/mol
Now we can calculate the missing moles of NaCl. We divide the given grams of NaCl by the molar mass:
175.32 g / 58.44 g/mol = 3 moles (approx.)
So, for the first row, the answer is:
Grams of NaCl: 175.32 g
Moles of NaCl: 3 moles (approx.)
Number of molecules of NaCl: To get this, we use Avogadro's number, which represents the number of particles (molecules or atoms) in one mole of a substance. Avogadro's number is approximately 6.02 x 10^23.
Number of molecules of NaCl: 3 moles x 6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mole = 1.807 x 10^24 molecules
Now, let's move to the second row, where the moles of NaCl are 0.333. We can use the same molar mass of NaCl (58.44 g/mol) to calculate the grams of NaCl:
Moles of NaCl: 0.333 moles
Grams of NaCl: 0.333 moles x 58.44 g/mol = 19.42 g (approx.)
To find the number of molecules, we again use Avogadro's number:
Number of molecules of NaCl: 0.333 moles x 6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mole = 2.007 x 10^23 molecules (approx.)
Finally, for the third row, where we have a value of 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of NaCl, we need to find the grams and moles of NaCl. Since Avogadro's number is given, we can simply use it to find the moles and then convert it to grams:
Number of molecules of NaCl: 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Moles of NaCl: 6.02 x 10^23 molecules / 6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mole = 1 mole
Now, using the molar mass of NaCl (58.44 g/mol), we can calculate the grams:
Grams of NaCl: 1 mole x 58.44 g/mol = 58.44 g
To summarize, the complete table is as follows:
Grams of NaCl Moles of NaCl Number of molecules of NaCl
175.32 3 (approx.) 1.807 x 10^24 (approx.)
19.42 0.333 (approx.) 2.007 x 10^23 (approx.)
58.44 1 6.02 x 10^23