3.91 mol of magnesium and 3.91 mol of hydrochloric acid are reacted, how many grams of magnesium chloride will be produced?
This is a limiting reagent problem. You know that because amounts for BOTH reactants are given.
Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2.
mols Mg = 3.91
mol HCl = 3.91
Convert mols Mg to mols MgCl2 using the coefficients in the balanced equation. That's 3.91 mols Mg x (1 mol MgCl2/1 mol Mg) = 3.91 mols MgCl2.
Do the same for HCl
mols HCl x (1 mol MgCl2/2 mols HCl) = 3.91/2 = about1.9
Obviously both answers can't be right; the correct answer in limiting reagent problems is ALWAYS the smaller value and the reagent producing that value is the limiting reagent.
Then g MgCl2 = mols x molar mass.
To determine the grams of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) produced, we first need to identify the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The balanced chemical equation is as follows:
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of magnesium reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of magnesium chloride and 1 mole of hydrogen gas.
Given that we have 3.91 moles of both magnesium and hydrochloric acid, we can determine the limiting reactant by comparing their stoichiometric coefficients. Since the ratio of moles is 1:2 (magnesium to hydrochloric acid), we can see that the hydrochloric acid is the limiting reactant, as it is present in a higher amount.
To calculate the mass of magnesium chloride produced, we need to determine the moles of magnesium chloride produced. Since the stoichiometric coefficient of magnesium chloride is also 1, we can conclude that the moles of magnesium chloride produced will be equal to the moles of hydrochloric acid used.
Therefore, the moles of magnesium chloride produced will be 3.91 moles.
Now, we need to find the molar mass of magnesium chloride, which is calculated by adding the atomic masses of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) together. The atomic mass of magnesium is approximately 24.31 g/mol, and chlorine has an atomic mass of around 35.45 g/mol.
Molar mass of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) = (24.31 g/mol) + 2 * (35.45 g/mol) ≈ 95.21 g/mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of magnesium chloride produced:
Mass of magnesium chloride = Moles of magnesium chloride * Molar mass of magnesium chloride
= 3.91 mol * 95.21 g/mol
≈ 372.47 grams
Therefore, approximately 372.47 grams of magnesium chloride will be produced.
To find the number of grams of magnesium chloride produced, we first need to determine the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of magnesium (Mg) reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce 1 mole of magnesium chloride (MgCl2).
Since both the magnesium and hydrochloric acid are present in 3.91 moles each, we can calculate the number of moles of magnesium chloride produced using the stoichiometry of the reaction.
The moles of magnesium chloride produced can be calculated as follows:
Moles of magnesium chloride = (moles of magnesium) x (molar ratio of MgCl2 to Mg)
Moles of magnesium chloride = (3.91 mol) x (1 mol MgCl2 / 1 mol Mg)
Moles of magnesium chloride = 3.91 mol MgCl2
To convert moles of magnesium chloride to grams, we need to multiply the moles by the molar mass of magnesium chloride.
The molar mass of MgCl2 is calculated by adding the atomic masses of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl):
Molar mass of MgCl2 = (Molar mass of Mg) + 2 x (Molar mass of Cl)
Molar mass of MgCl2 = (24.31 g/mol) + 2 x (35.45 g/mol) = 95.21 g/mol
Now we can calculate the mass of magnesium chloride produced:
Mass of magnesium chloride = (moles of MgCl2) x (molar mass of MgCl2)
Mass of magnesium chloride = (3.91 mol) x (95.21 g/mol)
Mass of magnesium chloride = 372.0 g
Therefore, when 3.91 mol of magnesium and 3.91 mol of hydrochloric acid react, 372.0 grams of magnesium chloride will be produced.