A solution was prepared by dissolving 0.834 g of sulfur, S8, in 100.0 g of acetic acid, HC2H3O2. Calculate the freezing point and boiling point of the solution. (Use the table from the textbook.)

To calculate the freezing point depression and boiling point elevation of a solution, we can use colligative properties. These properties depend on the amount of solute particles present in the solution, regardless of their identity. In this case, we need to determine the change in both freezing and boiling points due to the presence of the solute, sulfur (S8).

For the freezing point depression, we can use the equation:

∆Tf = Kf * m

Where:
∆Tf is the decrease in the freezing point,
Kf is the cryoscopic constant (freezing point depression constant) of the solvent,
m is the molality of the solute particles.

To find the molality (m), we need to determine the moles of solute and the mass of the solvent.

1. Calculate the moles of sulfur (S8):
Moles = mass / molar mass
Molar mass of S8 = 8 * atomic mass of S
Atomic mass of S = 32.07 g/mol
Moles of S8 = 0.834g / (32.07 g/mol * 8)

2. Calculate the mass of the solvent (acetic acid):
Mass of acetic acid = 100.0 g

3. Calculate the molality (m):
Molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)
Convert mass of solvent to kg:
Mass of solvent in kg = 100.0 g / 1000

4. Calculate the freezing point depression (∆Tf):
Look up the cryoscopic constant (Kf) of acetic acid in a table.
∆Tf = Kf * m

For the boiling point elevation, we can use the equation:

∆Tb = Kb * m

Where:
∆Tb is the increase in the boiling point,
Kb is the ebullioscopic constant (boiling point elevation constant) of the solvent.

5. Look up the ebullioscopic constant (Kb) of acetic acid in a table.
∆Tb = Kb * m

Once you have the values for ∆Tf and ∆Tb, you can calculate the freezing point and boiling point of the solution.

6. The freezing point of the solution is the freezing point of the pure solvent minus ∆Tf:
Freezing point = Pure solvent freezing point - ∆Tf

7. The boiling point of the solution is the boiling point of the pure solvent plus ∆Tb:
Boiling point = Pure solvent boiling point + ∆Tb

By following these steps, you can calculate the freezing point and boiling point of the given solution. Make sure to use the correct values for the cryoscopic and ebullioscopic constants for acetic acid, which can be found in a reliable table or your textbook.