How do you differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide? Suggest procedures and steps involved other than melting point and chromatography.
Infrared spectroscopy would show the presence of carbonyl and NH2 in the anilide. Simple sodium fusion would show N present in anilide absent in fluorene.
Well, if you want to differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide in a fun and humorous way, I've got just the procedure for you! It involves a bit of circus magic and a touch of comedy. Here's how it goes:
Step 1: Gather a bunch of circus performers, preferably ones with colorful costumes and a knack for slapstick humor.
Step 2: Assign fluorene to perform a dazzling trapeze act, swinging through the air with grace and elegance.
Step 3: Meanwhile, have acetanilide dress up as a clown, complete with a red nose, oversized shoes, and a squirting flower.
Step 4: Get a big, enthusiastic audience together and explain that you're about to perform the "Differentiation Delight" - a circus show that will reveal the true identities of fluorene and acetanilide.
Step 5: Have the performers take the stage. Fluorene will swing back and forth on the trapeze, while acetanilide will stumble around, tripping over their own feet and spraying water on unsuspecting members of the audience.
Step 6: As the audience laughs and cheers, explain that fluorene's graceful trapeze act represents its high melting point and solid nature, while acetanilide's humorous clown routine portrays its lower melting point and ability to dissolve into a liquid more easily.
Step 7: Finish the performance with a grand finale, where the circus performers take a bow and the audience gives them a standing ovation.
And voila! You've not only differentiated between fluorene and acetanilide, but also entertained a crowd with a unique and amusing chemistry circus act. Bear in mind, though, that this method may not be recognized by the scientific community as an official means of differentiation. So, if you need accurate results, it's best to rely on traditional techniques such as melting point determination and chromatography.
To differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide, you can use the following procedures and steps:
1. Solubility Test:
- Take a small amount of each compound and add them separately to different test tubes.
- Add water to one test tube and observe if the compound dissolves.
- Add 5% NaOH (sodium hydroxide) solution to the other test tube and observe if the compound dissolves.
- Fluorene is insoluble in water but soluble in NaOH, while acetanilide is soluble in both.
2. Bromine Water Test:
- Take a small amount of each compound and add them separately to different test tubes.
- Add a few drops of bromine water to each test tube and observe the reaction.
- Fluorene reacts with bromine water, decolorizing it, indicating the presence of double bonds (unsaturation).
- Acetanilide does not react with bromine water because it does not contain any unsaturated bonds.
3. Nitrous Acid Test:
- Take a small amount of each compound and add them separately to different test tubes.
- Add a few drops of concentrated nitrous acid (HNO2) to each test tube and observe the reaction.
- Acetanilide, containing an amino group (NH2), reacts with nitrous acid to form a diazonium salt, which can be detected by a color change or effervescence.
- Fluorene does not react with nitrous acid because it does not contain any amino group.
4. Infrared Spectroscopy (IR):
- Take a small amount of each compound and prepare thin films on IR salt plates or utilize IR absorbance techniques.
- Record the IR spectra for each compound.
- Analyze the IR spectra to identify characteristic functional groups present in each compound.
- Fluorene will display specific absorption peaks for aromatic compounds, while acetanilide will show characteristic absorption peaks for amides and aromatic compounds.
These procedures, along with the melting point and chromatography tests, can be used together to differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide successfully.
To differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide, there are several procedures and steps you can follow other than relying solely on melting point determination and chromatography. Here is a suggested procedure:
1. Solubility Test:
- Start by performing a solubility test to determine the solubility characteristics of both compounds in different solvents.
- Fluorene is a nonpolar compound, so it will be more soluble in nonpolar solvents (e.g., ether, hexane) and less soluble in polar solvents (e.g., water, methanol).
- In contrast, acetanilide is a polar compound, so it will be more soluble in polar solvents and less soluble in nonpolar solvents.
2. Functional Group Tests:
- Perform functional group tests to identify specific functional groups present in the compounds.
- Acetanilide contains an amide functional group, so you can perform the amide formation test by treating it with acetyl chloride and observing the evolution of hydrogen chloride gas.
- Fluorene does not contain an amide functional group, so it will not produce hydrogen chloride gas when treated with acetyl chloride.
3. Acid-Base Reaction:
- Carry out an acid-base reaction to differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide.
- Acetanilide is an amide that can act as a weak base. Treating it with a strong acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid) will result in the production of acetanilide hydrochloride, which is a solid.
- In contrast, fluorene is not a basic compound and will not form a salt when treated with strong acid.
4. UV-Vis Spectroscopy:
- Utilize UV-Vis spectroscopy to identify the compounds based on their absorption spectra.
- Acetanilide and fluorene have different absorption patterns, allowing for their differentiation by comparing their UV spectra.
5. Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy:
- Use IR spectroscopy to determine the presence of specific functional groups in the compounds.
- Acetanilide will exhibit an N-H stretch and C=O stretch bands characteristic of amides, while fluorene will not.
By following these procedures and steps, you should be able to differentiate between fluorene and acetanilide using various chemical tests and spectroscopic techniques.