Sulfuric acid is a strong acid and dissociates in water as shown in Reaction 4.
Equation label: (4)
Help Please!!!!
H2SO4(aq) = 2H+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
What is the hydrogen ion concentration, in mol dm−3, when 1.50 g of sulfuric acid is dissolved in water to give 0.500 dm3 of solution
To find the hydrogen ion concentration, we need to first calculate the moles of sulfuric acid in the solution, then divide it by the volume of the solution.
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid:
Number of moles = mass / molar mass
The molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is:
2(1.0078 g/mol for hydrogen) + 32.06 g/mol for sulfur + 4(16.00 g/mol for oxygen) = 98.09 g/mol
Number of moles = 1.50 g / 98.09 g/mol = 0.0153 mol
Step 2: Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration:
Hydrogen ion concentration = moles of hydrogen ions / volume of solution
Since the stoichiometric ratio between sulfuric acid and hydrogen ions is 1:2, there are twice as many moles of hydrogen ions.
Moles of hydrogen ions = 2 * 0.0153 mol = 0.0306 mol
Hydrogen ion concentration = 0.0306 mol / 0.500 dm^3 = 0.0612 mol dm^-3
Therefore, the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution is 0.0612 mol dm^-3.
To find the hydrogen ion concentration in mol dm^-3, you need to first convert the mass of sulfuric acid to moles using its molar mass, and then use the volume of the solution to calculate the concentration.
Step 1: Convert the mass of sulfuric acid to moles
The molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is:
(2*1.00784) + (32.065) + (4*15.999) = 98.09 g/mol
To find the number of moles in 1.50 g of sulfuric acid, divide the mass by the molar mass:
Number of moles = mass / molar mass
Number of moles = 1.50 g / 98.09 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration
The balanced equation shows that 1 mol of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) produces 2 mol of hydrogen ions (H+).
Since the volume of the solution is given as 0.500 dm^3, the hydrogen ion concentration in mol dm^-3 can be calculated as follows:
Hydrogen ion concentration (mol dm^-3) = (2 * number of moles) / volume
Substituting the values into the equation:
Hydrogen ion concentration (mol dm^-3) = (2 * (1.50 g / 98.09 g/mol)) / 0.500 dm^3
Now, let's do the calculation:
Step 1: Convert the mass to moles:
Number of moles = 1.50 g / 98.09 g/mol
Number of moles ≈ 0.01531 mol
Step 2: Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration:
Hydrogen ion concentration (mol dm^-3) = (2 * 0.01531 mol) / 0.500 dm^3
Hydrogen ion concentration ≈ 0.061 mol dm^-3
Therefore, the hydrogen ion concentration, in mol dm^-3, when 1.50 g of sulfuric acid is dissolved in water to give 0.500 dm^3 of solution, is approximately 0.061 mol dm^-3.