how did imperialism, nationalism and militarism lead to WW1
http://americanhistory.about.com/od/worldwari/tp/causes-of-world-war-1.htm
Imperialism, nationalism, and militarism were major factors that contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Here's an explanation of each and how they played a role:
1. Imperialism: Imperialism refers to the policy of expanding one's empire through colonization or territorial acquisition. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, European powers were engaged in a race to establish colonies in Africa and Asia. This led to intense competition among these nations for resources, markets, and strategic advantages. The scramble for territories created tensions and rivalries, particularly between Germany, Britain, and France.
As countries sought to establish their dominance, conflicts arose when their territorial desires conflicted with one another. This competition for colonies and resources created a hostile atmosphere, with countries trying to secure their interests and assert their dominance over others. These territorial disputes and rivalries created a volatile environment that contributed to the outbreak of war.
2. Nationalism: Nationalism refers to extreme loyalty and devotion to one's nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, nationalism was on the rise throughout Europe. People identified strongly with their national identities and believed in the superiority of their own nation. Nationalistic sentiments led to intense pride and a desire for expansion, as countries sought to prove their strength and superiority.
This heightened sense of nationalistic fervor created divisions among nations and exacerbated existing tensions. Each country believed in its own superiority and was willing to defend it, leading to an "us versus them" mentality. This nationalistic pride encouraged aggressive policies and fueled conflicts, making it difficult to resolve disputes diplomatically.
3. Militarism: Militarism is the belief in and glorification of military power. Many nations during this period prioritized building up their armed forces and introducing conscription to create large standing armies. A significant arms race emerged, primarily between Germany and Britain. This military buildup not only drained resources but also increased tensions and mutual suspicion among countries.
As nations invested heavily in their military capabilities, they aimed to demonstrate their strength and intimidate potential adversaries. The arms race intensified the existing rivalries and created a climate of distrust. Nations became eager to test their military might, leading to a willingness to engage in conflict if necessary.
In combination, imperialism, nationalism, and militarism created a highly volatile atmosphere in Europe. Territorial disputes, intense nationalistic sentiments, and a relentless arms race made war almost inevitable. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in 1914 served as a spark, and the existing tensions fueled by these factors quickly escalated into World War I.