The solubility of sodium nitrate is 32 grams in 50.0 grams of water at 60 degrees C. If 60 grams of potassium nitrate are mixed with 50.0 grams of water, determine the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved.
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To determine the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved, we first need to compare the amount of sodium nitrate that will be dissolved in the 50.0 grams of water with the solubility limit at 60 degrees C.
Given:
Solubility of sodium nitrate = 32 grams/50.0 grams of water at 60 degrees C
To find how much sodium nitrate will dissolve in 50.0 grams of water:
Percentage of sodium nitrate dissolved = (Mass of sodium nitrate dissolved / Mass of water) x 100
Mass of sodium nitrate dissolved = 32 grams
Mass of water = 50.0 grams
Percentage of sodium nitrate dissolved = (32 grams / 50.0 grams) x 100 = 64%
Now, let's calculate the amount of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved in the 50.0 grams of water when mixed with 60 grams of potassium nitrate.
Total mass of sodium nitrate = 60 grams (given)
Solubility of sodium nitrate = 32 grams/50.0 grams of water at 60 degrees C
From the solubility data, we know that 32 grams of sodium nitrate can dissolve in 50.0 grams of water. Therefore, for every 50.0 grams of water, 32 grams of sodium nitrate will dissolve.
To calculate the remaining sodium nitrate after mixing with 60 grams of potassium nitrate:
Sodium nitrate in excess = Total sodium nitrate - Mass of sodium nitrate that dissolves in 50.0 grams of water
Sodium nitrate in excess = 60 grams - (32 grams/50.0 grams) x 50.0 grams
Sodium nitrate in excess = 60 grams - 32 grams = 28 grams
Now, to find the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved in the 50.0 grams of water:
Percentage of sodium nitrate remaining undissolved = (Mass of sodium nitrate undissolved / Total mass of sodium nitrate) x 100
Mass of sodium nitrate undissolved = 28 grams
Total mass of sodium nitrate = 60 grams
Percentage of sodium nitrate remaining undissolved = (28 grams / 60 grams) x 100 = 46.7%
Therefore, approximately 46.7% of the sodium nitrate remains undissolved when 60 grams of potassium nitrate are mixed with 50.0 grams of water.