Nitric acid and zinc react to form zinc nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and water.
4Zn(s) + 10HNO3(aq)→ 4Zn(NO3)2(aq) + NH4NO3(aq) + 3H2O(l)
A. How many atoms of zinc react with 1.49g HNO3?
B. Calculate the number of grams of zinc that must react with an excess of HNO3 to form 29.1g NH4NO3
What does Jefferson have to do with chemistry???
The chemistry answer has been given elsewhere.
To answer these questions, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and perform stoichiometric calculations. Let's go step by step:
A. How many atoms of zinc react with 1.49g HNO3?
1. Start by converting the mass of HNO3 to moles using its molar mass. The molar mass of HNO3 is 63.01 g/mol.
moles of HNO3 = mass of HNO3 / molar mass of HNO3
= 1.49 g / 63.01 g/mol
2. Examine the balanced chemical equation to determine the mole ratio between HNO3 and Zn. From the equation, we see that 10 moles of HNO3 react with 4 moles of Zn.
moles of Zn = moles of HNO3 × (4 moles Zn / 10 moles HNO3)
3. Finally, convert the moles of Zn to the number of atoms of zinc by multiplying by Avogadro's number.
number of atoms of Zn = moles of Zn × Avogadro's number
B. Calculate the number of grams of zinc that must react with an excess of HNO3 to form 29.1g NH4NO3.
1. Start by converting the mass of NH4NO3 to moles using its molar mass. The molar mass of NH4NO3 is 80.04 g/mol.
moles of NH4NO3 = mass of NH4NO3 / molar mass of NH4NO3
= 29.1 g / 80.04 g/mol
2. Examine the balanced chemical equation to determine the mole ratio between NH4NO3 and Zn. From the equation, we see that 1 mole of NH4NO3 forms from 4 moles of Zn.
moles of Zn = moles of NH4NO3 × (4 moles Zn / 1 mole NH4NO3)
3. Finally, convert the moles of Zn to grams using the molar mass of Zn. The molar mass of Zn is 65.38 g/mol.
grams of Zn = moles of Zn × molar mass of Zn
Note: In question B, it is mentioned that there is an excess of HNO3, which means HNO3 is not the limiting reactant. Therefore, the moles of Zn are determined based on the moles of NH4NO3 formed.
By following these steps and performing the calculations, you can determine the number of atoms of zinc in question A and the number of grams of zinc in question B required for the given reactions.