calculate the change in thermal energy when 120kg of sand warms from 10 degrees celcius to 90 degrees celcius
Look up the specific heat of sand. Call it C.
http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter2/spec_heats.html
has some values
The thermal energy increase is
deltaU = Q = M*C*(deltaT)
where deltaT = 80 C
To calculate the change in thermal energy, we need to use the formula:
Q = mcΔT
Where:
Q is the change in thermal energy,
m is the mass of the substance,
c is the specific heat capacity of the substance,
ΔT is the change in temperature.
First, we need to determine the specific heat capacity of sand. The specific heat capacity of sand varies depending on its composition. On average, the specific heat capacity of sand is approximately 0.835 J/g°C.
To calculate the change in thermal energy, we need to convert the mass of sand from kilograms to grams and the temperature change from Celsius to Kelvin.
Given:
Mass of sand (m) = 120 kg (which is 120,000 grams)
Change in temperature (ΔT) = (90°C - 10°C) = 80°C (which is 80 Kelvin)
Now we can substitute these values into the formula:
Q = mcΔT
Q = (120,000 g) * (0.835 J/g°C) * (80 K)
Calculating this expression will give us the change in thermal energy (Q) in joules.