Write a balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of gaseous pentane (C5H12) which combines gaseous oxygen to form carbon dioxide, gaseous water and carbon monoxide.
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The balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of gaseous pentane (C5H12) combining with gaseous oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2), gaseous water (H2O), and carbon monoxide (CO) is as follows:
2 C5H12 + 11 O2 → 10 CO2 + 12 H2O + CO
To write a balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of pentane (C5H12), we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is equal.
First, we need to determine the products formed during the incomplete combustion. In this case, we have carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and carbon monoxide (CO).
The chemical formula for pentane is C5H12, meaning it consists of 5 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms. During combustion, pentane reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce the products mentioned above.
Now, let's balance the equation step by step:
Step 1: Balance the carbons:
On the reactant side, we have 5 carbon atoms from the pentane. To balance this on the product side, we need 5 carbon atoms. So, we start with:
C5H12 + ...
Step 2: Balance the hydrogens:
On the reactant side, we have 12 hydrogen atoms from the pentane. To balance this on the product side, we need 6 water molecules (each containing 2 hydrogen atoms). So, we add 6 H2O to the equation:
C5H12 + O2 -> 6 H2O + ...
Step 3: Balance the oxygens:
On the reactant side, we have 2 oxygens from the O2 molecule. On the product side, we have 6 * 2 = 12 oxygens from the water molecules. To balance this, we need to add 10 more oxygens. This can be achieved by adding 5 CO2 molecules:
C5H12 + O2 -> 6 H2O + 5 CO2 + ...
Step 4: Balance the remaining carbon atoms:
On the reactant side, we have 5 carbon atoms from the pentane. We already have 5 on the product side from the CO2 molecules. So, the equation is almost balanced. However, we still need to add the carbon monoxide (CO) product. As CO contains 1 carbon atom, we need to add 5 CO molecules:
C5H12 + O2 -> 6 H2O + 5 CO2 + 5 CO
Therefore, the balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of pentane is:
C5H12 + O2 -> 6 H2O + 5 CO2 + 5 CO