Part a of the drawing shows a bucket of water suspended from the pulley of a well; the tension in the rope is 107.5 N. Part b shows the same bucket of water being pulled up from the well at a constant velocity. What is the tension in the rope in part b?
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To determine the tension in the rope in part b, let's first understand the concept of tension.
Tension is the force transmitted through a string, rope, cable, or any other type of flexible connector when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. In this case, the tension in the rope represents the force exerted by the bucket of water on the rope.
Since the bucket is pulled up from the well at a constant velocity (which means it is not accelerating), the forces acting on the bucket must be balanced. In other words, the upward force exerted by the tension in the rope must be equal to the downward force of gravity acting on the bucket.
According to Newton's second law of motion, the net force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. In the case of an object being pulled up at a constant velocity, the net force is zero.
Therefore, the tension in the rope in part b must be equal to the weight of the bucket of water. The weight of an object is given by the formula:
weight = mass × acceleration due to gravity
We can assume that the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s² on the surface of the Earth.
To determine the tension, we need to know the mass of the bucket of water. If the mass is given, we can calculate the tension using the formula:
tension = weight = mass × acceleration due to gravity
However, since the mass is not mentioned in the question, we cannot calculate the tension in the rope in part b without further information.