onic compounds have names that... (choose all that apply)
might contain Roman numerals.
might start with ammonium.
start with the name of an anion.
have prefixes, like di or penta.
start with the name of a nonmetal.
To determine which of the options apply to the names of ionic compounds, we can break down and analyze each option:
1. Might contain Roman numerals:
- This option applies to compounds containing transition metals that have variable charges. The Roman numeral is used to indicate the charge of the metal ion in the compound. So if you have a compound like FeCl2, it is named as Iron(II) chloride, where the Roman numeral "II" indicates a +2 charge on the iron ion.
2. Might start with ammonium:
- Ammonium (NH4+) is a common cation that forms ionic compounds with anions. Compounds that contain the ammonium ion at the start of their formula will start with "ammonium" in their name. For example, NH4Cl is named Ammonium chloride.
3. Start with the name of an anion:
- Most ionic compounds start with the name of the anion, which is a negatively charged ion. For example, NaCl is named Sodium chloride, where "sodium" is the cation and "chloride" is the anion. This is a common naming convention for binary ionic compounds.
4. Have prefixes, like di or penta:
- Prefixes such as "di-" or "penta-" are used in the naming of covalent compounds (compounds composed of nonmetals). However, ionic compounds do not typically use prefixes, except for a few specific cases like transition metal compounds with variable charges (as mentioned in option 1).
5. Start with the name of a nonmetal:
- Ionic compounds generally start with the name of the cation, which is usually a metal. Nonmetals are typically anions in ionic compounds. However, there are some exceptions such as ammonium compounds (option 2 mentioned earlier).
Based on the explanations provided above, the options that apply to the names of ionic compounds are:
- Might contain Roman numerals.
- Might start with ammonium.
- Start with the name of an anion.
- Start with the name of a nonmetal.