the following acid—base neutralization reaction
HNO3 (aq)+ KOH (aq) --KNO3(aq) + H2O (I)
What is the molarity (M) of an HNO3 solution if 50.0ml is needed to react with 25.0ml of 0.150M KOH solution?
See above.
To find the molarity of the HNO3 solution, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction and the given information.
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
HNO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) → KNO3(aq) + H2O (l)
From the balanced equation, we can see that the stoichiometric ratio between HNO3 and KOH is 1:1.
Given:
Volume of HNO3 solution = 50.0 mL = 0.050 L
Volume of KOH solution = 25.0 mL = 0.025 L
Molarity of KOH solution = 0.150 M
Using the stoichiometry, we can determine the moles of KOH reacted:
Moles of KOH = Molarity × Volume
Moles of KOH = 0.150 M × 0.025 L = 0.00375 mol
Since the mole ratio of KOH to HNO3 is 1:1, the moles of HNO3 will also be 0.00375 mol.
Now, we can calculate the molarity of the HNO3 solution:
Molarity of HNO3 solution = Moles of HNO3 / Volume of HNO3 solution
Molarity of HNO3 solution = 0.00375 mol / 0.050 L = 0.075 M
Therefore, the molarity of the HNO3 solution is 0.075 M.
To determine the molarity (M) of the HNO3 solution, we can use the concept of stoichiometry and the relationship between moles and volume of the solutions.
1. First, let's write a balanced chemical equation for the acid-base neutralization reaction:
HNO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) → KNO3 (aq) + H2O (l)
2. From the balanced equation, we see that the molar ratio between HNO3 and KOH is 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of HNO3, we need 1 mole of KOH to react completely.
3. Calculate the number of moles of KOH:
Moles of KOH = Molarity × Volume
Moles of KOH = 0.150 M × 25.0 ml = 0.150 × 0.0250 moles
4. Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1 between HNO3 and KOH, the number of moles of HNO3 is also 0.150 × 0.0250 moles.
5. Now, let's calculate the molarity of the HNO3 solution using the moles of HNO3 and the initial volume of the HNO3 solution (50.0 ml):
Molarity = Moles of HNO3 / Volume of HNO3 solution
Molarity = (0.150 × 0.0250 moles) / 0.0500 L (since 1 ml = 0.001 L)
Convert the volume from milliliters (ml) to liters (L)
Molarity = (0.150 × 0.0250 moles) / 0.0500 L
Molarity = 0.0750 moles / 0.0500 L
6. Simplify the expression:
Molarity = 1.50 M
So, the molarity of the HNO3 solution is 1.50 M.