To see how the four steps of the software development procedure discussed in Section 1.7 can be applied in practice, you apply them to the following simple programming problem:
The circumference, C, of a circle is given by the formula C = 2ðr,
where ð is the constant 3.1416 (accurate to four decimal places)
and r is the radius of the circle.
Using this information, write a C++ program to calculate the circumference
of a circle that has a 2-inch radius.
Sure! Here are the four steps of the software development procedure applied to this programming problem:
Step 1: Problem Analysis
In this step, we need to understand the problem and its requirements. We are given the formula to calculate the circumference of a circle, and we need to write a C++ program to calculate the circumference using a radius of 2 inches.
Step 2: Algorithm Design
In this step, we need to design an algorithm to solve the problem. We can follow these steps:
1. Declare a constant variable called "pi" and assign the value 3.1416 to it.
2. Declare a variable called "radius" and assign the value 2 to it.
3. Calculate the circumference using the formula "circumference = 2 * pi * radius".
4. Display the calculated circumference.
Step 3: Implementation
In this step, we need to write the C++ code based on the algorithm designed in step 2. Here's an example implementation:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
const double pi = 3.1416;
double radius = 2;
double circumference;
circumference = 2 * pi * radius;
cout << "The circumference of the circle is: " << circumference << endl;
return 0;
}
```
Step 4: Testing and Debugging
In this step, we need to test the program to ensure it's working correctly. You can compile and run the program using a C++ compiler, and it should display the circumference of the circle, which in this case should be approximately 12.5664 inches.
That's it! Now you have a C++ program that calculates the circumference of a circle with a radius of 2 inches.
To write a C++ program to calculate the circumference of a circle with a given radius, you can follow the four steps of the software development procedure:
1. Problem Analysis:
In this step, you have to understand the problem and the requirements. In this case, the problem is to calculate the circumference of a circle using the given formula, where the radius is 2 inches.
2. Algorithm Design:
Based on the problem analysis, you need to design an algorithm to solve the problem. In this case, the algorithm is simple:
- Declare a constant variable ð (pi) with the value 3.1416
- Declare a variable r and assign it the value of 2 (radius of the circle)
- Calculate the circumference using the formula C = 2ðr
3. Implementation:
Now, you can implement the algorithm in C++ programming language. Here's an example code for calculating the circumference:
```c++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
const double pi = 3.1416; // Step 2: Declare a constant variable pi
double r = 2; // Step 2: Declare a variable r and assign it the value 2
double circumference = 2 * pi * r; // Step 2: Calculate the circumference
cout << "The circumference of the circle with radius 2 inches is: " << circumference << " inches." << endl;
return 0;
}
```
4. Testing and Debugging:
After implementing the code, you should test it to ensure it produces the correct output. In this case, when you run the program, it should print the output:
`The circumference of the circle with radius 2 inches is: 12.5664 inches.`