Change these word equations into formula equations and balance them. Be sure to use the proper symbols to indicate the state of each substance as given.
(a) Magnesium metal is placed into hydrobromic acid solution, forming hydrogen gas and aqueous magnesium bromide.
(b) When heated, solid calcium chlorate decomposes into calcium chloride solid, releasing oxygen gas.
(c) Solutions of barium bromide and sodium phosphate combine to form solid barium phosphate and aqueous sodium bromide.
(d) Solutions of silver nitrate and aluminum iodide are mixed together, forming solid silver iodide and aqueous aluminum nitrate.
(a) The word equation: Magnesium + Hydrobromic acid -> Hydrogen + Magnesium bromide
The formula equation: Mg(s) + 2HBr(aq) -> H2(g) + MgBr2(aq)
To balance the equation, we need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides. The balanced equation is:
Mg(s) + 2HBr(aq) -> H2(g) + MgBr2(aq)
(b) The word equation: Calcium chlorate -> Calcium chloride + Oxygen
The formula equation: 2Ca(ClO3)2(s) -> 2CaCl2(s) + 3O2(g)
To balance the equation, we need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides. The balanced equation is:
2Ca(ClO3)2(s) -> 2CaCl2(s) + 3O2(g)
(c) The word equation: Barium bromide + Sodium phosphate -> Barium phosphate + Sodium bromide
The formula equation: BaBr2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) -> Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaBr(aq)
To balance the equation, we need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides. The balanced equation is:
3BaBr2(aq) + 2Na3PO4(aq) -> Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaBr(aq)
(d) The word equation: Silver nitrate + Aluminum iodide -> Silver iodide + Aluminum nitrate
The formula equation: 3AgNO3(aq) + AlI3(aq) -> 3AgI(s) + Al(NO3)3(aq)
To balance the equation, we need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides. The balanced equation is:
3AgNO3(aq) + AlI3(aq) -> 3AgI(s) + Al(NO3)3(aq)
(a) The word equation is:
Magnesium + hydrobromic acid → hydrogen gas + magnesium bromide
To convert this into a formula equation, we need to use the chemical symbols and formulas for each substance involved:
Mg(s) + 2HBr(aq) → H2(g) + MgBr2(aq)
Now let's balance the equation. We want an equal number of atoms on both sides of the equation. In this case, we have 1 magnesium atom on the left side and 1 on the right side, so that is already balanced. We have 2 hydrogen atoms and 2 bromine atoms on the right side, so we need to balance that on the left side as well:
Mg(s) + 2HBr(aq) → H2(g) + MgBr2(aq)
The equation is now balanced.
(b) The word equation is:
Calcium chlorate (solid) → calcium chloride (solid) + oxygen gas
To convert this into a formula equation, we use the chemical symbols and formulas:
Ca(ClO3)2(s) → CaCl2(s) + O2(g)
Now let's balance the equation. We have 1 calcium atom on the left side and 1 on the right side, so that is balanced. We have 6 oxygen atoms on the left side (3 from each chlorate ion) and 2 on the right side, so we need to balance that:
2Ca(ClO3)2(s) → 2CaCl2(s) + 3O2(g)
The equation is now balanced.
(c) The word equation is:
Barium bromide (aq) + sodium phosphate (aq) → barium phosphate (s) + sodium bromide (aq)
To convert this into a formula equation, we use the chemical symbols and formulas:
BaBr2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) → Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaBr(aq)
Now let's balance the equation. We have 2 barium atoms on the left side and 3 on the right side, so we need to balance that:
3BaBr2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) → Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaBr(aq)
The equation is now balanced.
(d) The word equation is:
Silver nitrate (aq) + aluminum iodide (aq) → silver iodide (s) + aluminum nitrate (aq)
To convert this into a formula equation, we use the chemical symbols and formulas:
AgNO3(aq) + AlI3(aq) → AgI(s) + Al(NO3)3(aq)
Now let's balance the equation. We have 1 silver atom on the left side and 1 on the right side, so that is balanced. We have 3 iodine atoms on the left side and 1 on the right side, so we need to balance that:
AgNO3(aq) + 3AlI3(aq) → 3AgI(s) + Al(NO3)3(aq)
The equation is now balanced.