When hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to water it dissociates to form H3O+ (aq) and Cl− (aq) as shown below.
HCl (aq) + H2O (l) → H3O+ (aq) + Cl− (aq)
What happened to the electrons in the H-Cl bond? Choose the best answer.
The electrons are transferred to the chlorine.
The electrons separate.
The proton transferred to the hydrogen.
The electrons are attracted to the polar water molecules.
The electrons move closer to the chlorine.
sad
The H^+ (a bare proton with no electrons) attaches to the lone pair of electrons on the H2O molecule to form the H3O^+ ion. The chloride ion has all of the electrons it started with (remember that the electronegativity of Cl is much more than that of H so the HCl molecule is a polar covalent bond and the electrons ae closer to Cl atom than they are to the H atom anyway). I think a is the best choice.
Hidrogen + iodines
When hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to water (H2O) and dissociates, the H-Cl bond undergoes changes. The answer to what happens to the electrons in the H-Cl bond is that the electrons separate.
To explain further, in the H-Cl bond, the chlorine atom bonded to the hydrogen atom shares a pair of electrons. The electronegativity of chlorine is higher than that of hydrogen, meaning chlorine has a greater ability to attract electrons. When HCl is added to water, the polar water molecules (H2O) surround the H-Cl bond. The oxygen atom in the water molecule has a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges. These charges attract the electrons in the H-Cl bond, causing the electrons to separate and move toward the chlorine atom.
Therefore, the correct answer is: The electrons separate.