Why LDL is considered the bad cholesterol and HDL the good cholesterol

LDL is considered bad because it has a lower density, or weight per mass, and therefore tends to settle and accumulate along with excess cholesterol in the blood. HDL sweeps through to keep everything moving along and prevent clogging.

LDL, or low-density lipoprotein, is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" because high levels of it are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. This is due to the fact that LDL cholesterol can build up in the walls of arteries, forming plaques that narrow the blood vessels and restrict blood flow. This condition is called atherosclerosis and can lead to heart attacks and strokes.

HDL, on the other hand, stands for high-density lipoprotein and is often considered "good cholesterol." HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it back to the liver where it can be broken down and eliminated from the body. High levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.

To determine the levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol in the body, a blood test called a lipid profile or lipid panel is done. This test measures the total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (another type of fat in the blood). The results of this test provide a comprehensive view of the individual's cholesterol levels and can help assess their risk for heart disease.

It's important to note that while LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" and HDL cholesterol as "good cholesterol," it is the balance between these two types that is crucial for maintaining heart health. Ideally, one would aim to keep LDL levels low and HDL levels high. This can be achieved through a combination of a healthy diet, regular exercise, and, if necessary, medication prescribed by a healthcare professional.