How did coffe play a pivotal role in the scientific revolution? (give lots of details)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_the_Age_of_Enlightenment#British_coffeehouses
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:_sxgK6s0VbkJ:schools.spsd.sk.ca/evanhardy/classes/Patterson/Documents/The%2520Scientific%2520Revolution%2520and%2520the%2520Enlightenment.pdf+coffee+scientific+revolution&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgC7KsRpiYy0putiHej4gvjvWvTF1E6YP_T-r_ScoR7innSX6byqiEZWTSCBl-8MzvizdDiZUfJGI-VCmZecQCj0GjhPtOoMIVEXvyG4JNZuHn6-VScm0TqHg_q7MJjbVN-H3Pd&sig=AHIEtbRmJKSKBkEgLvFt3y1aHzw6amCePw
http://www.economist.com/node/2281736
Coffee played a pivotal role in the scientific revolution by providing an environment that fostered intellectual discourse and innovation. Here are the details on how coffee contributed to this important period in history:
1. Coffeehouses as gathering places: In the 17th century, coffeehouses became popular meeting places for scholars, intellectuals, and scientists. People would gather to discuss a wide range of topics, including science, philosophy, politics, and literature. Coffeehouses provided an egalitarian space where individuals from various social classes could interact, exchange ideas, and engage in lively debates.
2. The Accessibility of Coffeehouses: Coffeehouses were open to anyone, whether they were wealthy patrons or ordinary citizens. This accessibility allowed individuals with an interest in science, who may not have had access to formal educational institutions, to learn and participate in intellectual discussions. This inclusivity was a catalyst for the spread and democratization of scientific knowledge.
3. Stimulating effects of coffee: Coffee acted as a stimulant, increasing attentiveness and productivity. It helped scientists and intellectuals stay alert and engaged during long hours of study and debate. The caffeine in coffee provided a burst of energy, which allowed individuals to concentrate for extended periods, encouraging scientific inquiry and the pursuit of knowledge.
4. Dissemination of scientific knowledge: Coffeehouses served as information hubs where books, manuscripts, and scientific publications were shared and discussed. Scholars brought their writings and findings to these establishments, fostering a culture of collaboration and knowledge exchange. This facilitated the dissemination of scientific ideas, promoting progress in various fields.
5. Role in scientific societies: Coffeehouses often acted as the birthplace of scientific societies and academies. Notably, the Royal Society in London had its roots in informal coffeehouse gatherings. These societies provided a formal platform for scientists to present their research, network, and receive critical feedback. The scientific revolution was significantly supported by these institutions, which led to advancements in various disciplines.
6. Influence on scientific methodology: Coffeehouses played a role in shaping the scientific method itself. Discourse, experimentation, and peer review were integral to the coffeehouse culture. Scientists would present their theories and findings, facing rigorous challenge and scrutiny from their peers. This environment of critical thinking and debate helped refine scientific methodologies, leading to advancements in experimental design and hypothesis testing.
In summary, coffeehouses during the scientific revolution acted as centers for intellectual exchange and collaboration. The accessibility, stimulating effects of coffee, dissemination of knowledge, role in scientific societies, and influence on scientific methodology all contributed to the pivotal role that coffee played in fostering the scientific revolution.