2.8g of iron(¡¡) reacted with 100ml of 2M sulfuric acid. A.Which reactant is in exces? B. What volume of hydrogen gas is produce at RTP? C. How many moles of iron sulfate is produced? D. How many atoms of hydrogen gas were evolved?
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Answer
To find the answers to these questions, we need to use the given information and some basic stoichiometry calculations.
A. To determine which reactant is in excess, we need to compare the moles of each reactant used in the reaction.
First, let's find the number of moles of iron used:
Mass of iron (Fe) = 2.8g
Molar mass of iron (Fe) = 55.85 g/mol
Number of moles of iron = Mass of iron / Molar mass of iron
Number of moles of iron = 2.8g / 55.85 g/mol
Now, let's find the number of moles of sulfuric acid used:
Volume of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) = 100 ml = 0.1 L
Molarity of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) = 2M
Number of moles of sulfuric acid = Volume of sulfuric acid x Molarity of sulfuric acid
Number of moles of sulfuric acid = 0.1 L x 2 mol/L
Now, compare the number of moles of each reactant. If the moles of iron are greater than the moles of sulfuric acid, then sulfuric acid is the limiting reactant and vice versa.
B. To calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced at RTP (room temperature and pressure), we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between iron and sulfuric acid is:
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
From the balanced equation, we see that the molar ratio between iron and hydrogen gas is 1:1. This means that for every mole of iron, one mole of hydrogen gas is produced.
Since we found the moles of iron in part A, the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced will be the same.
C. To calculate the number of moles of iron sulfate produced, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation and the number of moles of iron.
From the balanced equation, we see that the molar ratio between iron and iron sulfate (FeSO4) is also 1:1. This means that for every mole of iron, one mole of iron sulfate is produced.
Since we found the moles of iron in part A, the number of moles of iron sulfate produced will be the same.
D. To calculate the number of atoms of hydrogen gas evolved, we need to multiply the number of moles of hydrogen gas (calculated in part B) by Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mol).
Number of atoms of hydrogen gas = Number of moles of hydrogen gas x Avogadro's number
So by following these steps, you can find the answers to each part of the question.