Explain why the Chartres Cathedral both is and isn't an example of the "High Gothic" style. Be sure to reference specific pieces of art in your response.
The Chartres Cathedral is indeed considered an example of the "High Gothic" style, but it also exhibits elements that deviate from the conventional characteristics of this style. To understand why, we must examine the architectural and artistic features of the cathedral.
Firstly, Chartres Cathedral embodies several features that are typical of the High Gothic style. The structure prominently displays the characteristic pointed arches, larger windows, and soaring heights commonly associated with this architectural style. The expansive stained glass windows, such as the famous Rose Window, are prime examples of the High Gothic emphasis on light and the integration of vibrant colors into the design. These windows allow an abundance of light to flood the interior, creating a spiritual and ethereal atmosphere.
However, Chartres Cathedral does deviate from some prevalent characteristics of the High Gothic style. For instance, the use of flying buttresses, which are external stone supports often associated with the style, is minimal at Chartres. Instead, the cathedral relies on a more traditional interior support system that includes thick walls and clustered columns within, which is more reminiscent of the preceding Romanesque architectural style.
Additionally, the sculptural elements of Chartres Cathedral showcase a blend of styles. The western facade, for instance, features three distinctive portals: the Royal Portal, the Central Portal, and the North Portal. These portals contain numerous statues that vary in style and iconography. The Royal Portal statues exhibit a more elongated and elegant form, reminiscent of the traditions of the Early Gothic style, while the Central Portal statues are more naturalistic, reflecting the emerging style of the High Gothic period.
Overall, the Chartres Cathedral can be seen as both an example of the High Gothic style due to its pointed arches, stained glass windows, and soaring heights, as well as an unconventional representation due to its minimal use of flying buttresses and the blend of sculptural styles. By examining the specific architectural and artistic elements, we can identify these dual characteristics within the broader definition of the High Gothic architectural style.