Which statement is wrong?
1. Adding the same amount of heat to two
different objects will produce the same increase in temperature.
2. When the same amount of heat produces
different changes in temperature in two substances of the same mass, we say that they have different specific heat capacities.
3. Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of random motion, but not other kinds of energy.
4. Each substance has its own characteristic specific heat capacity.
5. Different substances have different thermal properties due to differences in the way energy is stored internally in the substances.
I would look at #1 as being untrue.
To determine which statement is wrong, we can analyze each one individually:
1. Adding the same amount of heat to two different objects will produce the same increase in temperature.
This statement is incorrect. The increase in temperature resulting from adding the same amount of heat to two different objects depends on their specific heat capacities and masses. Objects with different specific heat capacities will experience different temperature changes with the same amount of heat energy input.
To verify this, you can use the formula: q = mcΔT, where q is the heat energy transferred, m is the mass of the object, c is its specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. By comparing the values of c for the two objects, you can determine if the statement is correct or wrong.
2. When the same amount of heat produces different changes in temperature in two substances of the same mass, we say that they have different specific heat capacities.
This statement is correct. Specific heat capacity refers to the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount. If the same amount of heat produces different changes in temperature in two substances of the same mass, it implies that the substances have different specific heat capacities.
3. Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of random motion, but not other kinds of energy.
This statement is correct. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Specifically, it measures the random motion of particles. Other forms of energy, such as potential energy, chemical energy, or nuclear energy, are not directly measured by temperature.
4. Each substance has its own characteristic specific heat capacity.
This statement is correct. Each substance has a unique specific heat capacity. It depends on the physical properties and molecular structure of the substance. Different substances require different amounts of heat energy to cause the same increase in temperature.
5. Different substances have different thermal properties due to differences in the way energy is stored internally in the substances.
This statement is correct. Different substances have diverse thermal properties because of variations in how energy is stored internally. This can include differences in the molecular structure, intermolecular forces, and the ability to absorb, retain, and transfer heat.
Based on the explanations above, the statement that is wrong is:
Statement 1: Adding the same amount of heat to two different objects will produce the same increase in temperature.
The statement that is wrong is:
1. Adding the same amount of heat to two different objects will produce the same increase in temperature.
This statement is false. The increase in temperature produced by adding the same amount of heat to two different objects depends on their specific heat capacities. Objects with different specific heat capacities will experience different temperature changes when the same amount of heat is added to them.