Describe in detail, the steps a student needs to carry out to accurately obtain a 500 ml solution of .100 M HNO3 from a solution of 1M HNO3
To accurately obtain a 500 ml solution of 0.100 M HNO3 from a solution of 1 M HNO3, the student needs to follow several steps. Here is a detailed explanation of these steps:
1. Determine the volume of the 1 M HNO3 solution needed: The concentration of the desired solution is 0.100 M, and the total volume required is 500 ml. Since concentration is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, we can use the following formula:
C1V1 = C2V2
Where:
C1 is the initial concentration (1 M)
V1 is the initial volume (to be determined)
C2 is the desired concentration (0.100 M)
V2 is the desired volume (500 ml)
Rearranging the formula, we have:
V1 = (C2 * V2) / C1
V1 = (0.100 M * 500 ml) / 1 M
V1 = 50 ml
Therefore, 50 ml of the 1 M HNO3 solution is needed.
2. Obtain a container: The student should choose an appropriate container to hold the final solution. It should have a capacity of at least 500 ml.
3. Measuring the 1 M HNO3 solution: The student should use a measuring device such as a graduated cylinder or pipette to accurately measure 50 ml of the 1 M HNO3 solution. It is important to handle the solution carefully and measure it precisely at eye level.
4. Diluting the solution: After measuring 50 ml of the 1 M HNO3 solution, the student should add distilled water to the container gradually. The water should be added until the final volume of the solution reaches 500 ml. This step ensures the desired concentration of 0.100 M is achieved.
5. Mix thoroughly: Once the water is added, the student should mix the solution gently, making sure that the added water is fully integrated with the initial solution. This can be done by swirling the container or using a stir rod.
6. Verification: After preparing the solution, the student may verify the final concentration using a pH meter, a titration, or by calculating the concentration based on the known amount of solute and the final volume of the solution.
By following these steps, the student can accurately obtain a 500 ml solution of 0.100 M HNO3 from a solution of 1 M HNO3.