What struggle was there between the president and Congress for dominant political power within the federal government from 1850-1868?
I know there was the reconstruction problem and how congress basically took over. What else?
During the time period from 1850 to 1868 in the United States, several struggles between the President and Congress for dominant political power within the federal government took place. One of the notable issues was indeed the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, where Congress played a significant role. However, it is important to highlight other key conflicts during this period as well.
1. Expansion of Slavery: The struggle over the expansion of slavery into newly acquired territories intensified during this time. The conflict was primarily between those advocating for the expansion of slavery (supported by some Presidents) and those opposing it (supported by Congressional factions). The Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 were key legislative battles that demonstrated the struggle between the President and Congress on this issue.
2. Presidential Power vs. Congressional Authority: The question of the balance of power between the President and Congress regarding decision-making authority was also a significant struggle during this period. Presidents, such as Andrew Johnson, sought to assert their executive powers and resist Congressional control, leading to a clash over issues such as the process of Reconstruction and the rights of the states.
3. Impeachment: The conflict between the President and Congress reached a peak during the impeachment of Andrew Johnson in 1868. Congress accused Johnson of violating the Tenure of Office Act, which limited his ability to remove certain officeholders without Senate approval. This impeachment trial reflected the struggle for power between the two branches of government.
To study these conflicts and gain a deeper understanding of the struggle between the President and Congress during this period, you can explore primary sources such as speeches, legislative debates, and historical writings from the time. Additionally, examining secondary sources such as scholarly articles and books will provide analysis and interpretation of events.