A blue-eyed man, both of whose parents were brown-eyed, marries a brown-eyed woman whose father was blue-eyed and whose mother was brown-eyed. This man and woman have a blue-eyed child. What are the genotypes of all these individuals?

man's parents: Br, Bl and Br, Bl

Man: Bl, Bl
woman he marries: Br, Bl
womans father: Bl, Bl womans mom: Br,Bl

child: Bl, Bl

To determine the genotypes of the individuals described, we will use the letter "B" to represent the dominant brown-eye allele and the letter "b" to represent the recessive blue-eye allele.

Let's assign the genotypes as follows:

- Blue-eyed man (father): bb (both of whose parents were brown-eyed)
- Brown-eyed woman (mother): Bb (father was blue-eyed and mother was brown-eyed)
- Blue-eyed child: bb (inherited one recessive blue-eye allele from each parent)

Therefore, the genotypes of these individuals are:

- Blue-eyed man (father): bb
- Brown-eyed woman (mother): Bb
- Blue-eyed child: bb

To determine the genotypes of the individuals, we need to understand some basic principles of inheritance. In this scenario, eye color is determined by genes, specifically the OCA2 gene, which has two variants: a dominant allele (B) for brown eyes and a recessive allele (b) for blue eyes.

Let's assign genotypes to each individual:

1. Blue-eyed man: Since both of his parents were brown-eyed, he must have received the recessive blue eye allele (b) from both of his parents. Therefore, his genotype is bb.

2. Brown-eyed woman: Her father was blue-eyed, meaning he must have had the genotype bb. Her mother was brown-eyed, so she must have had at least one dominant brown eye allele (B). Since the woman has brown eyes, she must have received one dominant allele (B) from her mother. Taking all this into consideration, her genotype could be either Bb or BB.

3. Blue-eyed child: The fact that the child has blue eyes suggests that both parents must have given the recessive blue allele (b) to the child. Since there are no additional details given, we cannot determine the child's genotype with certainty. However, we can consider some possibilities:
- If the woman has the genotype Bb, there would be a 25% chance of the child having blue eyes (bb).
- If the woman has the genotype BB, there is a 0% chance of the child having blue eyes since both dominant alleles (B) would be passed on.

In summary:
- Blue-eyed man: bb
- Brown-eyed woman: Bb (or BB is also possible)
- Blue-eyed child: bb (with uncertainty in the woman's genotype)

Please note that this answer assumes traditional Mendelian inheritance patterns and does not account for other possible genetic factors that may influence eye color.

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