What is the molarity of a solution that contains 31.0 HCl in 5.00kg water? (molar mass of HCl=36.46 g/mol)
I assume the density is listed as 1 g/mL so 5.00 kg = 5,000 g = 5 L.
mol HCl = grams/molar mass
M = moles/L soln.
To calculate the molarity (M) of a solution, you need to know the number of moles of solute (HCl) and the volume of the solution in liters.
To find the number of moles of HCl, you first need to convert the mass of HCl from grams to moles. The molar mass of HCl is given as 36.46 g/mol.
Step 1: Convert the mass of HCl from grams to moles.
31.0 g HCl * (1 mol HCl / 36.46 g HCl) = 0.849 mol HCl
Now, let's calculate the volume of the solution. The mass of water is given as 5.00 kg. We need to convert it to liters, assuming that the density of water is approximately 1 g/mL.
Step 2: Convert the mass of water from kilograms to grams, and then to milliliters (mL).
5.00 kg * (1000 g/kg) * (1 mL/g) = 5000 mL
Finally, we convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters.
Step 3: Convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters.
5000 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 5 L
Now that we have the number of moles of HCl (0.849 mol) and the volume of the solution (5 L), we can calculate the molarity (M) using the formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
Step 4: Calculate the molarity.
Molarity (M) = 0.849 mol / 5 L = 0.170 M
Therefore, the molarity of the solution that contains 31.0 g of HCl in 5.00 kg of water is 0.170 M (mol/L).