A 140 kg sleigh is pulled by one horse at a constant velocity for a distance of 0.90 km on a level snowy surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the sleigh runners and the snow is 0.25.
what is the work done by force?
what is work done by friction?
Work done by horse:
= (friction force) x (distance)
= M*g*(0.25)(900 m)
= 140*9.8*0.25*900 = ___ joules
The work done by friction is minus the same number.
To find the work done by force and the work done by friction, we need to understand the concept of work and apply the relevant equations.
1. Work done by force:
The work done by force is calculated using the equation: Work = Force × Distance × Cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of displacement.
In this case, the force pulling the sleigh is the force applied by the horse. Since the sleigh is moving at a constant velocity, we know that the force applied by the horse is equal to the force of friction opposing the motion. Therefore, the work done by force can be calculated using the equation: Work = Force of friction × Distance × Cos(0°).
The force of friction is given by the equation: Force of friction = Normal force × Coefficient of friction.
Here, the normal force is equal to the weight of the sleigh, which can be calculated as: Normal force = Mass × Gravity.
Substituting the given values, we can calculate the work done by force.
2. Work done by friction:
The work done by friction can be calculated using the equation: Work = Force of friction × Distance.
Again, by using the same formula to calculate the force of friction as mentioned above, we can find the work done by friction by substituting the given values.
Now, let's calculate:
Mass of sleigh (m) = 140 kg
Distance (d) = 0.90 km = 900 m
Coefficient of kinetic friction (μ) = 0.25
1. Work done by force:
Normal force = Mass × Gravity
Normal force = 140 kg × 9.8 m/s^2 = 1372 N
Force of friction = Normal force × Coefficient of friction
Force of friction = 1372 N × 0.25 = 343 N
Work = Force of friction × Distance × Cos(0°)
Work = 343 N × 900 m × Cos(0°)
Work = 308,700 J
Therefore, the work done by force is 308,700 Joules (J).
2. Work done by friction:
Work = Force of friction × Distance
Work = 343 N × 900 m
Work = 308,700 J
Therefore, the work done by friction is 308,700 Joules (J).