what a U.S. manager would need to know about such issues as personal space and rules of social behavior in order to successfully conduct business in India?
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/etiquette/doing-business-india.html
http://www.executiveplanet.com/index.php?title=India
http://www.indianbusinessculture.com/
To successfully conduct business in India, a U.S. manager should have a good understanding of the cultural differences, including personal space and social behavior norms. Here are some key points to consider and resources to help you gain a deeper understanding:
1. Personal Space:
- Indians generally have a smaller comfort zone for personal space compared to Americans. They tend to stand closer while conversing and may not respect the same physical boundaries.
- Resource: Research personal space norms in India, such as proxemics (the study of personal space), to get a better understanding of acceptable distances and how to adapt to the local norms.
2. Hierarchy and Respect:
- Indian society places importance on hierarchy and respect for authority. Managers are expected to lead with authority and establish a sense of respect.
- Resource: Learn about Indian cultural values, such as "Guru-Disciple" or "Elders-Youth" relationships, which emphasize respect for authority figures. This will help you understand the dynamics within the business environment.
3. Non-Verbal Communication:
- Indians tend to use more non-verbal cues while communicating. Gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact play a vital role in conveying messages.
- Resource: Explore Indian body language and non-verbal communication norms. Observe common gestures and facial expressions used during conversations to avoid misunderstandings.
4. Punctuality and Flexibility:
- While punctuality is valued in business settings, it is essential to be adaptable and flexible with schedules, as delays and changes are not uncommon in India.
- Resource: Familiarize yourself with the concept of "Indian Stretchable Time" and understand that schedules may not always be strictly adhered to. Maintain professionalism while being open to schedule adjustments.
5. Business Etiquette:
- Familiarize yourself with general business etiquette in India, including addressing people by their titles (such as Mr., Mrs., or Dr.) and using formal greetings.
- Resource: Study Indian business etiquette, which varies based on factors like region and industry. Books, online resources, and cross-cultural training programs can provide comprehensive guidance.
Remember, cultural understanding and respect are essential when doing business in any foreign country. Engaging in cultural awareness training or consulting with individuals who have experience working in India can also be immensely helpful in navigating these differences successfully.