S is directly proportional to M^3. It is given that S=36 for a certain value of M. Find the value of S when this value of M is

(a) doubled
(b) reduced by 40%

S=k*M^3

so if M is doubled, S must go up by 8 (2^3)

so if M is changed to .4, S must be down by .6^3=.216

answers:
a) 36*8
b) 36*.216

To find the value of S when the value of M is doubled, we first need to understand the concept of direct proportionality. In a direct proportion, as one quantity increases, the other quantity also increases by a certain factor.

In this case, we are told that S is directly proportional to M^3, which means that as M increases, S will increase by a factor of M^3.

Let's denote the initial value of M as M1 and the corresponding value of S as S1. We are given that S1 = 36 for M1.

(a) Doubling the value of M means that the new value of M, denoted as M2, will be 2 times M1. Now, we can use the concept of direct proportionality to find the value of S2.

Since S is directly proportional to M^3, we can write the equation:

S1/M1^3 = S2/M2^3

Substituting the given values, we get:

36/M1^3 = S2/(2M1)^3

Simplifying further, we get:

36/M1^3 = S2/8M1^3

Cross-multiplying, we have:

36 * 8M1^3 = S2 * M1^3

288M1^3 = S2 * M1^3

Canceling out M1^3 on both sides, we have:

288 = S2

Therefore, when the value of M is doubled, the value of S becomes 288.

(b) When the value of M is reduced by 40%, the new value of M, denoted as M3, will be (100% - 40%) = 60% of M1.

Now, we can use the same concept of direct proportionality to find the value of S3.

Using the equation:

S1/M1^3 = S3/M3^3

Substituting the given values, we get:

36/M1^3 = S3/(0.6M1)^3

Simplifying further, we get:

36/M1^3 = S3/(0.216M1^3)

Cross-multiplying, we have:

36 * 0.216M1^3 = S3 * M1^3

7.776M1^3 = S3 * M1^3

Canceling out M1^3 on both sides, we have:

7.776 = S3

Therefore, when the value of M is reduced by 40%, the value of S becomes approximately 7.776.