What kind of molecule is NADH dehydrogenase? Where and how does it typically function?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADH_dehydrogenase

NADH dehydrogenase, also known as NADH:quinone oxidoreductase or Complex I, is a large enzyme complex that exists in the mitochondria of cells. It functions as a critical component of the electron transport chain, which is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP.

To determine the kind of molecule NADH dehydrogenase is, one can start by considering the name itself. The term "dehydrogenase" indicates that it is an enzyme involved in the removal of hydrogen (or electrons) from a substrate. In this case, NADH dehydrogenase specifically acts on NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), a molecule that carries high-energy electrons.

To further understand its structure and function, you can also consult reliable sources such as scientific literature, textbooks, or online databases. These sources provide detailed information on the composition of NADH dehydrogenase, including its various subunits and prosthetic groups.

In terms of function, NADH dehydrogenase is primarily responsible for oxidizing NADH and transferring the electrons it carries to the electron transport chain. This process involves the transfer of electrons from NADH to a series of protein-bound cofactors within the enzyme complex. Ultimately, these electrons are passed on to another electron carrier called ubiquinone (also known as coenzyme Q), which is subsequently reduced.

NADH dehydrogenase functions within the inner membrane of the mitochondria, where it helps establish an electrochemical gradient across the membrane. This gradient drives the synthesis of ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, NADH dehydrogenase plays a crucial role in regulating cellular redox balance and protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Overall, NADH dehydrogenase is an essential component of cellular respiration, enabling the conversion of energy stored in NADH into ATP, the primary energy currency of cells.