Can someone please tell me if this paragraph makes any sense at all? I feel like I contradict myself, as I do not understand the subject very well. Thank you.
"Since neither of the parents in the pedigree has the genetic disorder (as indicated by their non-darkened shapes, which represent individuals that are unaffected by the disorder), they must both be recessive for the specific trait. This means that both genes are the recessive gene for the trait. Therefore, the genotype of both parents is heterozygous (Rr and Rr—dominant gene R and recessive gene r), and the trait itself is recessive, since neither parent has the disorder. If the disorder were dominant, then one of the parents would have to carry it. Since this is not the case, however, we may conclude that both parents are heterozygous carriers, and that the trait itself is recessive. Both parents are also carriers of the disorder, meaning that they are heterozygous for the inherited disorder but do not show symptoms of the disorder. The only offspring that is affected by the genetic disorder is offspring number 3, as indicated by her darkened shape. Her genotype is homozygous recessive (rr), meaning that she has the same two alleles for the gene, since she is a carrier of two of the recessive genes of that particular trait. The other offspring do not have darkened shapes, and therefore we may conclude that they are not affected by the specific genetic disorder, like offspring number three is."
The grammar and writing are clear. If you facts are correct (Biology is not my area), it looks good.
Sra
Upon analyzing the paragraph, I can confirm that it does make sense. It provides an explanation of the genetic inheritance pattern in a pedigree. By looking at the shapes in the pedigree, specifically the darkened shapes, you can determine if individuals are affected by a genetic disorder or not.
To understand the subject better, it may help to break down the paragraph step by step:
1. The paragraph starts by stating that neither of the parents in the pedigree has the genetic disorder. This is indicated by their non-darkened shapes, which represent individuals unaffected by the disorder.
2. It then concludes that both parents must be recessive for the specific trait. This means that both parents carry the recessive gene for the trait, and their genotype is heterozygous (Rr and Rr). The dominant gene is represented by "R," and the recessive gene is represented by "r."
3. Since neither parent has the disorder, it suggests that the trait itself is recessive. If the disorder were dominant, one of the parents would have to carry it. But since this is not the case, it can be concluded that both parents are heterozygous carriers of the disorder.
4. The paragraph explains that being a carrier means being heterozygous for the inherited disorder but not showing symptoms of the disorder.
5. It states that only one of the offspring, labeled as "offspring number 3" and indicated by her darkened shape, is affected by the genetic disorder. The genotype of this offspring is described as homozygous recessive (rr), meaning she has two recessive alleles for the particular gene. This is why she is affected by the disorder.
6. Lastly, it claims that the other offspring, who do not have darkened shapes, are not affected by the specific genetic disorder, just like offspring number three.
In summary, the paragraph explains the inheritance pattern of a genetic disorder in a pedigree, using the presence or absence of darkened shapes to determine whether individuals are affected or unaffected by the disorder. It also describes the genotype of the parents and the affected offspring, conveying the information in a logical manner.