Choose the correct option:
The strongest evidence in favour of DNA as genetic material comes from -
1) Griffith effect
2)Conjugation
3)Taylor's experiment
4)Caim's effect
To choose the correct option regarding the strongest evidence in favor of DNA as genetic material, we can examine each of the given options and their respective experiments:
1) Griffith Effect: The Griffith experiment, conducted by Frederick Griffith in 1928, showed that genetic information can be transferred from one bacterium to another, leading to a visible change in phenotype. This experiment involved two strains of bacteria, a virulent (pathogenic) strain and a non-virulent (non-pathogenic) strain. When the heat-killed virulent strain was mixed with the live non-virulent strain, the non-virulent bacteria transformed into a virulent form and caused disease in the mice. This demonstrated that the non-virulent bacteria had taken up genetic material from the heat-killed bacteria. However, the specific nature of the genetic material responsible for this transformation was not identified in the Griffith experiment.
2) Conjugation: Conjugation is a process where genetic material is transferred directly from one bacterial cell to another through physical contact. Although this process plays a role in genetic transfer among bacteria, it does not provide specific evidence supporting DNA as the genetic material.
3) Taylor's Experiment: There is no well-known experiment commonly referred to as "Taylor's experiment" in the context of DNA as genetic material. Therefore, it cannot be considered as the correct option.
4) Caim's Effect: There is no scientific reference or widely known concept referred to as "Caim's effect." Therefore, it cannot be considered as the correct option.
Based on the above explanations, the correct option among the given choices is 1) Griffith Effect, as it provided the initial observation of genetic transformation, which laid the groundwork for discovering DNA as the genetic material.
The correct option is:
1) Griffith effect