Stomach acid is 0.02M HCl. A 330mg antacid tablet is 41% magnesium hydroxide and 36.2% sodium Bicarbonate. What is the volume of acid that can be neutralized by one tablet?
To determine the volume of acid that can be neutralized by one tablet, you need to calculate the amount of acid that can be neutralized by each constituent (magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate) of the tablet and then compare it to the amount of acid in your stomach.
First, let's calculate the amount of magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate in one tablet:
Mass of magnesium hydroxide in one tablet:
330 mg × 0.41 = 135.3 mg
Mass of sodium bicarbonate in one tablet:
330 mg × 0.362 = 119.46 mg
Now, to find the amount of acid neutralized by each constituent, you can use their respective balanced chemical equations with HCl:
Magnesium hydroxide:
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O
From the equation, you can see that 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide (58.32 g) neutralizes 2 moles of HCl (2 × 36.46 g).
Amount of HCl neutralized by magnesium hydroxide:
(135.3 mg / 58.32 g/mol) × (2 mol HCl / 1 mol Mg(OH)2) × (36.46 g HCl / 1 mol HCl) = X g HCl
Simplifying the equation, you can calculate the mass of HCl neutralized by magnesium hydroxide.
Now, let's do the same calculation for sodium bicarbonate:
Sodium bicarbonate:
NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + CO2 + H2O
From the equation, you can see that 1 mole of sodium bicarbonate (84.01 g) neutralizes 1 mole of HCl (36.46 g).
Amount of HCl neutralized by sodium bicarbonate:
(119.46 mg / 84.01 g/mol) × (1 mol HCl / 1 mol NaHCO3) × (36.46 g HCl / 1 mol HCl) = Y g HCl
Now you have calculated X and Y, the amounts of acid neutralized by magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate, respectively.
Finally, to find the total amount of acid neutralized by one tablet, you need to add X and Y:
Total amount of HCl neutralized by one tablet:
X + Y = Z g HCl
Now you can calculate the volume of acid neutralized by one tablet by converting the mass of HCl to its volume using its molarity:
Volume of acid neutralized by one tablet:
(Z g HCl) ÷ (0.02 mol/L HCl) ÷ (36.46 g HCl/mol) = V L
This will give you the volume (V) of stomach acid neutralized by one tablet of the antacid.