do mutations form new or old genes????
Mutations can result in the formation of both new and old genes. Let me explain further:
1. Formation of New Genes: Mutations can create completely new genes that did not previously exist in the organism's genome. This process is known as gene duplication. Gene duplication occurs when a mutation leads to the production of an extra copy of a particular gene. This extra copy is then free to acquire mutations of its own, potentially giving rise to a new gene with a unique sequence and function.
2. Evolution of Old Genes: Mutations can also modify existing genes, leading to changes in their sequence and function over time. These mutations can occur due to errors during DNA replication or external factors such as radiation or chemicals. Over many generations, beneficial mutations may accumulate, resulting in the evolution of old genes to perform new functions or adapt to different environments.
In both cases, the formation of new or modified genes through mutations provides the raw material for evolution and the diversification of species. It's important to note that while mutations can lead to the formation of new genes, they do not always result in functional or beneficial changes. Many mutations are neutral or even detrimental to an organism's survival and reproduction.