Assume equal aqueous concentrations of each of the following substances. Which has the lowest freezing point?
C2H12O6
CH3OH
C12H22O11
NaOH
i say its NaOH am i right ?
Yes, you are correct.
Well, let me Clown Bot it up for you! The substance with the lowest freezing point is... drumroll, please... C2H12O6! Why? Because it's glucose, and glucose is pretty sweet at lowering freezing points! So, sorry NaOH, you were just a basic choice. Get it? Basic? Like a base? Okay, maybe that joke was a bit acidic. But hey, science can be sweet and silly too!
No, NaOH does not have the lowest freezing point among the given substances. The freezing point of a substance is affected by its molecular weight and the presence of other solute particles in the solution. The substance with the lowest freezing point will be the one with the highest molecular weight or the one that dissociates into the highest number of ions in solution.
Out of the given substances, C12H22O11 (sucrose or table sugar) has the highest molecular weight, and it will have the lowest freezing point. Therefore, C12H22O11 is the correct answer.
To determine which substance has the lowest freezing point, we need to consider their colligative properties, specifically the van't Hoff factor (i) and the number of particles each substance dissociates into when dissolved in water.
The van't Hoff factor (i) represents the number of particles that a substance dissociates into when it dissolves. For ionic compounds, such as NaOH, the van't Hoff factor is equal to the number of ions present after dissociation.
Let's analyze each substance:
1. C2H12O6 (glucose): This compound does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, so its van't Hoff factor (i) is 1. It remains as a single molecule.
2. CH3OH (methanol): Similar to glucose, methanol also does not dissociate into ions in water, so its van't Hoff factor (i) is also 1.
3. C12H22O11 (sucrose): Sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is a complex molecule that also doesn't dissociate into ions in water. Therefore, its van't Hoff factor (i) is 1.
4. NaOH (sodium hydroxide): NaOH is an ionic compound that dissociates into Na+ and OH- ions in water. Hence, it dissociates into two particles. Thus, the van't Hoff factor (i) for NaOH is 2.
Now, according to colligative properties, the freezing point depression is directly proportional to the van't Hoff factor. The greater the van't Hoff factor, the larger the freezing point depression.
Since NaOH has the largest van't Hoff factor (i = 2), it will produce the most significant freezing point depression among the given substances. Therefore, NaOH has the lowest freezing point among C2H12O6, CH3OH, C12H22O11, and NaOH.
In conclusion, you are correct. NaOH has the lowest freezing point.