*Explain the meetings that resulted in the Japanese seeing “Rolls-Royce, Rolls-Royce, Ford,” and how was this part of Americans “clamoring for the outlawry of war?”

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The reference to the Japanese seeing "Rolls-Royce, Rolls-Royce, Ford" is related to a series of meetings that took place in the early 1920s, known as the Washington Naval Conference. This conference was convened in Washington, D.C., in 1921, with the aim of addressing the naval arms race that was escalating between major powers after World War I.

The conference involved nine nations, including the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The discussions centered around limiting naval armaments and maintaining peace in the Pacific region, particularly between the United States and Japan, who were seen as potential rivals.

During the conference, American Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes proposed a formula for calculating the ratio of capital ships (battleships, battlecruisers, and aircraft carriers) each nation would be allowed to possess. This formula suggested that the ratio of capital ships between the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom should be 5:5:3 respectively, meaning that the U.S. and Japan would have equal naval strength, while the UK would have fewer.

When the proposal was put forward, the Japanese delegation was displeased with the proposed ratio, as they expected a more significant allocation of capital ships within the Pacific compared to the United States. In response, the Japanese delegate, Yosuke Matsuoka, famously declared, "Rolls-Royce, Rolls-Royce, Ford!" This phrase indicated the relative naval power he believed each country possessed, with Rolls-Royce representing the United States (except for Texas and Hawaii), and Ford representing Japan and the United Kingdom respectively. Matsuoka's statement expressed his dissatisfaction with the proposed ratio, asserting that Japan perceived itself as a major naval power and should be treated as such.

The connection to the "clamoring for the outlawry of war" lies in the broader context of the conference. Many American and international public opinion was pushing for disarmament and peace initiatives after the devastating experience of World War I. The Washington Naval Conference was seen as a step towards reducing tensions and preventing future conflicts by limiting naval arms. The discussions during the conference reflected a broader desire among nations to avoid war and promote peaceful relations.

Ultimately, the Washington Naval Conference resulted in the signing of several treaties, including the Five-Power Treaty, which established naval disarmament ratios and helped reduce the risk of a naval arms race among the participating nations. While it did not completely outlaw war, the conference demonstrated a commitment to peaceful negotiation and de-escalation of military tensions.