In a solution, the substance present in the largest amount is referred to as the solvent. Consider adding one ounce of oil to one gallon of water. Using terms, such as solute, solvent, polar, non-pola
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In this scenario, the substance present in the largest amount is the water, and it would be considered the solvent. The oil, which is added in a smaller quantity, would be considered the solute.
To understand why water is the solvent, we need to consider the properties of both substances. Water is a polar molecule, which means it has a slight positive charge on one end and a slight negative charge on the other. On the other hand, oil is a non-polar substance, meaning it lacks a charge separation within its molecules.
When the oil is added to the water, the polar nature of water allows it to attract and surround the non-polar oil molecules. This occurs because the positive end of the water molecules is attracted to the negative charges on the oil molecules, creating a dispersed mixture. However, since the oil is present in a relatively small amount compared to the water, water is still considered the solvent.
So, to recap, the solvent is the substance present in the largest amount in a solution. In the case of adding one ounce of oil to one gallon of water, the water is the solvent, and the oil is the solute. This determination is made based on the relative quantities of each substance and the properties of their molecules, specifically water being polar and oil being non-polar.