How many liters of carbon dioxide gas will be produced from the decompostion of 5.0 grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate? How do I write out equation and solve it
2NaHCO3 ==> H2O + CO2 + Na2CO3
Here is an solved example stoichiometry problem. Just follow the steps.
http://www.jiskha.com/science/chemistry/stoichiometry.html
To determine the amount of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) produced from the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate (also known as baking soda), we need to write the balanced chemical equation and use stoichiometry.
The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate is as follows:
2 NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
Now, let's solve the problem step by step:
Step 1: Convert the given mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) to moles.
To do this, we need to use the molar mass of NaHCO3, which can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of its constituent elements.
The molar mass of NaHCO3 is:
1 Na (sodium) + 1 H (hydrogen) + 1 C (carbon) + 3 O (oxygen) = 23 + 1 + 12 + (16 × 3) = 84 g/mol
Given: Mass of NaHCO3 = 5.0 grams
Molar mass of NaHCO3 = 84 g/mol
Number of moles of NaHCO3 = Mass / Molar mass
Number of moles of NaHCO3 = 5.0 g / 84 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the moles of CO2 produced using the stoichiometry of the balanced equation.
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of NaHCO3 produce 1 mole of CO2.
Thus, the moles of CO2 produced = (moles of NaHCO3) × (1 mole of CO2 / 2 moles of NaHCO3)
Step 3: Convert the moles of CO2 to liters using the ideal gas law.
The ideal gas law equation is PV = nRT, where P represents pressure, V represents volume, n represents the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T represents temperature.
When the pressure, volume, and temperature are constant, the equation simplifies to V = nRT/P.
Given: Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), P = 1 atm and T = 273.15 K.
Using the molar volume of an ideal gas at STP, which is 22.4 liters/mol, we can calculate the volume of CO2 in liters.
Volume of CO2 = (moles of CO2) × (22.4 liters/mol)
Following these steps, we can find the answer:
1. Calculate the moles of NaHCO3:
moles of NaHCO3 = 5.0 g / 84 g/mol
2. Calculate the moles of CO2:
moles of CO2 = (moles of NaHCO3) × (1 mole of CO2 / 2 moles of NaHCO3)
3. Convert the moles of CO2 to liters:
Volume of CO2 = (moles of CO2) × (22.4 liters/mol)
Performing these calculations will provide you with the number of liters of carbon dioxide gas produced from the decomposition of 5.0 grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate.