How many moles of hydrogen are consumed when 40.0 L of hydrogen chloride gas are produced in the following equation?
H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g)
1. You need to add an arrow to your equation. Equations without arrows to separate the products from the reactants are useless.
2. Here is an example problem I've posted of a stoichiometry problem (which this is). Just follow the steps.
http://www.jiskha.com/science/chemistry/stoichiometry.html
To determine the number of moles of hydrogen consumed, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the stoichiometric coefficients.
First, let's identify the stoichiometric coefficient for hydrogen in the balanced equation:
H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g)
We can see that for every 2 moles of HCl produced, 2 moles of hydrogen (H2) are consumed. This means that the stoichiometric coefficient for hydrogen is also 2.
Now, let's convert the given volume of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) into moles:
Since we are dealing with gases, we can use the ideal gas law equation, which states:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = pressure
V = volume
n = moles of gas
R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 atm L/mol K)
T = temperature in Kelvin (K)
In this case, we are not given the pressure or temperature, so we'll assume that the values are at standard conditions, which are 1 atm and 273 K.
With this information, we can proceed with the calculation:
Convert the volume from liters to moles using the ideal gas law equation:
n = (PV) / (RT)
For this calculation, we can assume the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273 K:
n = (1 atm * 40.0 L) / (0.0821 atm L/mol K * 273 K)
Simplifying the equation gives us:
n = (40.0 L) / (22.414 L/mol)
n = 1.7898 moles
Finally, since the stoichiometric coefficient for hydrogen is 2, we can multiply the number of moles by 2:
2 moles of H2 are consumed per 1 mole of HCl produced.
Therefore, the number of moles of hydrogen consumed when 40.0 L of hydrogen chloride gas is produced is:
2 moles of H2/mol of HCl * 1.7898 moles of HCl = 3.5796 moles of H2
Therefore, approximately 3.58 moles of hydrogen are consumed when 40.0 L of hydrogen chloride gas are produced.