One gram of water changes from liquid to solid at a constant pressure of 1.00 atm and a constant temperature of 0°C. In the process, the volume changes from 1.00 cm3 to 1.14 cm3
To determine the step-by-step process of water changing from liquid to solid at constant pressure and temperature, we can use the concept of density.
Step 1: Calculate the initial density of water.
Density is defined as mass divided by volume (ρ = m/v). Since we are given the mass of water as 1 gram and the initial volume as 1.00 cm^3, we can calculate the initial density as follows:
Density = mass/volume = 1 gram / 1.00 cm^3 = 1 g/cm^3
Step 2: Determine the density of solid water (ice).
At 0°C and 1.00 atm pressure, the density of solid water is approximately 0.917 g/cm^3.
Step 3: Calculate the final mass of the solid water.
Using the defined density of solid water (0.917 g/cm^3) and the final volume (1.14 cm^3), we can calculate the final mass as follows:
Mass = density × volume = 0.917 g/cm^3 × 1.14 cm^3 = 1.046 g (rounded to three decimal places)
Therefore, the final mass of the solid water is approximately 1.046 grams.
Step 4: Calculate the change in mass.
The change in mass is the difference between the final mass and initial mass, which can be calculated as follows:
Change in mass = Final mass - Initial mass = 1.046 g - 1 g = 0.046 g (rounded to three decimal places)
Therefore, the change in mass during the solidification process is approximately 0.046 grams.
To answer this question, we need to understand that the given scenario involves the phase transition of water from a liquid to a solid state (freezing). We are also provided with the values for pressure and temperature, as well as the initial and final volumes.
The process described above is a classic example of a phase transition occurring under constant pressure and temperature. In this case, the water is freezing at 0°C and a pressure of 1.00 atm.
To calculate the change in volume, we need to subtract the initial volume from the final volume.
Change in volume = Final volume - Initial volume
Change in volume = 1.14 cm3 - 1.00 cm3
Change in volume = 0.14 cm3
Therefore, the change in volume is 0.14 cm3 when one gram of water freezes at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 0°C.
Please note that this calculation assumes the density of water remains constant during the phase transition. In reality, the density of ice is slightly lower than that of liquid water.