The data in the table below were obtained for the reaction:
A + B → P
3 Experiments
1 (A) (M): 0.273 (B) (M): 0.763 Initial Rate
(M/s): 2.83
2 (A) (M): 0.273 (B) (M): 1.526 Initial Rate
(M/s): 2.83
3 (A) (M): 0.819 (B) (M): 0.763 Initial Rate
(M/s): 25.47
1) The order of the reaction in A is __________.
2) The order of the reaction in B is __________.
3) The overall order of the reaction is __________.
Didn't I do this for you?
To determine the order of the reaction in A, B, and the overall order of the reaction, you can use the method of initial rates. The method involves comparing the initial rates of the reaction under different conditions while keeping the concentration of one reactant constant and varying the concentration of the other reactant.
Let's start by determining the order of the reaction in A:
1) To determine the order of the reaction in A, we will compare experiments 1 and 2, where the concentration of A is kept constant at 0.273 M while the concentration of B is varied.
From experiments 1 and 2, we can observe that the concentration of A is constant, and the initial rate (M/s) remains the same at 2.83. This means that the concentration of A does not affect the rate of the reaction.
Based on this information, we can conclude that the reaction is zero-order in A.
Now, let's move on to determining the order of the reaction in B:
2) To determine the order of the reaction in B, we will compare experiments 1 and 3, where the concentration of B is kept constant at 0.763 M while the concentration of A is varied.
From experiments 1 and 3, we can observe that the concentration of B is constant, and the initial rate (M/s) increases from 2.83 to 25.47 as the concentration of A increases from 0.273 M to 0.819 M.
The ratio of the initial rates can be calculated as (25.47/2.83) = 9.00. This indicates that when the concentration of A is tripled, the initial rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 9.
Based on this information, we can conclude that the reaction is first-order in B.
Finally, let's determine the overall order of the reaction:
3) The overall order of the reaction is the sum of the individual orders of the reactants. In this case, since the reaction is zero-order in A and first-order in B, the overall order of the reaction would be:
Overall order = 0 + 1 = 1
Therefore, the overall order of the reaction is first-order.
In summary:
1) The order of the reaction in A is zero-order.
2) The order of the reaction in B is first-order.
3) The overall order of the reaction is first-order.