Ammonia gas can be prepared by the reaction of a metal oxide such as calcium oxide with ammonium chloride.
CaO(s) + 2 NH4Cl(s) 2 NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CaCl2(s)
If 199 g of CaO and 300. g of NH4Cl are mixed, what mass of NH3can be produced?
change the masses to moles, and the mole ratio from the balanced equation (ratio of CaO to NH4Cl. Then what is the mole ratio of your masses? If it is greater than the coefficents, then CaO is in excess and wont react.
I will be happy to check your work.
To find the mass of NH3 that can be produced, we need to determine the limiting reactant in the given reaction. The limiting reactant is the reactant that limits the amount of product that can be formed.
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles for each reactant.
First, let's calculate the number of moles of CaO and NH4Cl using their molar masses.
Molar mass of CaO = 40.08 g/mol
Molar mass of NH4Cl = 53.49 g/mol
Number of moles of CaO = Mass of CaO / Molar mass of CaO
Number of moles of CaO = 199 g / 40.08 g/mol ≈ 4.969 mol
Number of moles of NH4Cl = Mass of NH4Cl / Molar mass of NH4Cl
Number of moles of NH4Cl = 300 g / 53.49 g/mol ≈ 5.611 mol
Step 2: Determine the mole ratio of reactants.
From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that the mole ratio between CaO and NH4Cl is 1:2. So, 1 mol of CaO reacts with 2 mol of NH4Cl to produce 2 mol of NH3.
Step 3: Identify the limiting reactant.
To determine the limiting reactant, compare the mole ratios of the reactants:
Mole ratio of CaO to NH4Cl = 4.969 mol / 1 ≈ 4.969 mol
Mole ratio of NH4Cl to NH4Cl = 5.611 mol / 2 ≈ 2.805 mol
Since the mole ratio of CaO to NH4Cl is 4.969 and the mole ratio of NH4Cl to NH4Cl is 2.805, we can see that the mole ratio of CaO to NH4Cl is higher. Therefore, NH4Cl is the limiting reactant.
Step 4: Calculate the mass of NH3 produced.
The mole ratio between NH4Cl and NH3 is 2:2, which means that 2 mol of NH4Cl produce 2 mol of NH3.
Mass of NH3 = Number of moles of NH3 x Molar mass of NH3
Mass of NH3 = 2.805 mol x (17.03 g/mol) ≈ 47.795 g
Therefore, approximately 47.795 g of NH3 can be produced when 199 g of CaO and 300. g of NH4Cl are mixed.